FUNDS IN STTE GOVERNMENT在州政府的资金.docVIP

FUNDS IN STATE GOVERNMENT(Fund Condition Statements and Transfers/Loans) ? INTRODUCTION A major difference between government finance and that of the private sector is that governments typically maintain fiscal accountability by funds while the private sector, whether it be a large corporation or a small company, maintains a single accountability for the entire business. In government, a fund is established authority provided by law. Each fund is a legal budgeting and accounting entity. The law provides for deposit of revenues to specific funds and expenditures are made there from only pursuant to appropriations made by law which are identified to specific funds. Each fund has its own set of books and financial statements. The Governor, the Legislature, central control agencies (such as the Department of Finance, State Controller’s Office, and State Treasurer’s Office) and operating departments all participate in the management of state funds. The ultimate goal is to manage the funds in a manner that will provide maximum benefit to the general public and constituent groups who contribute resources to specific funds. ESTABLISHING FUNDS IN CALIFORNIA Creation There are approximately 1100 funds in California state government which have been created by one of the following three methods. Legislation—This is the most common method of creation. The statute will generally specify a fund’s sources of revenues and specify the purposes for which expenditures may be made. Administrative Action—Government Code Section 13306 authorizes the Department of Finance (Finance) to establish a fund with the concurrence of the State Controller’s Office (SCO). Initiative—This method requires a majority vote of a ballot measure (Proposition), proposed by the electorate or the Legislature, to become law. Proposals from the Legislature may be a bond, Constitutional, or legislative initiative. Funds Manual—Finance maintains a funds manual which provides information on the legal authorit