Coordination in the Hisory of Economics在经济学历史上的协调.ppt

Concatenate Coordination and Mutual Coordination By Dan Klein and Aaron Orsborn Feb 2009 Link to paper Let’s check the dictionary Two definitions of the verb to coordinate Transitive - verb takes a direct object A businessperson coordinates factors of production to make profits Concatenate Intransitive - no direct object Coordinating with one another, to a focal point Japanese drive on the left Mutual Two usages:Concatenate and Mutual Mutual Coordination The mutually intermeshing of behavior Usually manifest, the actors can be made aware of their mutually coordinated action Depicted as a coordination game A coordination game with two coordination equilibria Concatenate Coordination Concatenation – chain, pattern, arrangement Concatenate coordination may refer to a concatenation that is coordinated top-down, or a concatenation lacking top-down direction. Better coordination means more pleasing to the mind imagined to behold the concatenation. The Interrelation of the two The big picture view from the boardroom is the aspirational concatenation - the plan There are myriad instances of mutual coordination within the firm The referent concatenation subsumes many instances of mutual coordination Golfing facilities Suppose there is an owner of a golf course and an owner of a golf school. From the Schelling point of view, each has his individual interests, and each mutually coordinates his own plans and actions with those of the other. However, there is also a sense in which the two form a cooperative unit that coordinates the set of golf facilities in the concatenate sense. But such “isomorphism” between the two coordination occurs only when the mutual coordinators are also the “chiefs” of the referent concatenation. In the Beginning: Herbert Spencer, First Principles He compared society to an organism. He wrote of complexity as higher levels of coordination of functions within the organism. Concatenate coordination. The Beginning in Economics: Concatenate Coord