语法系列6 名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 名词性从句的语序： 连词（连接代词、连接副词）+ 主语 + 谓语 1.主语从句 功能：在复合句中充当主句的主语。 位置：通常位于句首。 引导词：连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。 说明：当主语从句较长时，通常用形式主语it来替换主语从句，而把从句放在句末。 eg) Whether we will visit the Great Wall tomorrow has not been decided. = It has not been decided whether we will visit the Great Wall tomorrow. 2.宾语从句 功能：在复合句中充当动词或介词的宾语。 位置：位于及物动词或介词后面。 引导词：连词that, whether, if;连接代词who, whose, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. Can you imagine what will happen next? 2. Whether we will succeed depends on how we make use of our time. 3.表语从句 功能：在复合句中充当主句的表语。 位置：位于系动词后面。 引导词：连词that, whether, as if;连接代词who, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. The question is why we must do it. 2. It looks as if it’s going to rain. 4.同位语从句 功能：在复合句中起同位语的作用。 位置：位于某些名词（如fact, idea, news, promise等）的后面。 引导词：连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. The whole country was excited at the news that their football team had won the World Cup. 2. I have no idea when he will be back. 名词性从句的主要考点 1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别 2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别 3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别 4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别 5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别 what在所引导的名词性从句中要充当句子成分(通常作主语和宾语,有时也作表语);that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分。 eg) 1. What he does is quite different from what he says. 2. He is no longer what he was ten years ago. 3. It’s a pity that you didn’t turn up at the party last night. 2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别 if与whether所引导的从句在充当及物动词的宾语时，通常可以互换。如： I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. 但在下面三种情况中一般不用if引导名词性从句。 1）引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时； 2）引导的从句充当介词宾语时； 3）与or或or not连用时。 eg) 1. The question is whether they can continue doing like that. 2. It makes no difference whether he will come or not. 3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别 that在引导名词性从句时，表示确定的情况；whether在引导名词性从句时，表示不确定的情况。 eg) 1. There is n