语法系列10 主谓一致.ppt

* 主谓一致 主谓一致 1 谓语动词要与主语的人称和数一致。如： I am seventeen, and she is sixteen. There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it. 2 两个名词或代词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。如： My brother and I have both seen the film. 注意： 1) 当and不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。如： The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. One more knife and fork is needed. 2) 两个并列的名词由each, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Every boy and every girl is asked to attend the party. 3) 当and连接两个不可数名词时，谓语动词用单复数均可。 Time and tide wait(s) for no man. 3 集合名词group, class, family, army, enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体（指具体成员），则用复数形式。如： My family is a large one. My family are having dinner now. 4 不定代词anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anything, everything, something, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Someone wants to see you. Impossible is nothing. 5 代词none和neither有时当作单数看待，有时作复数看待。但是代表不可数名词时，只看作单数。如： Neither of them knows/know the answer. None of this money is mine. 6 当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also或not…but连接时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致（就近原则）。如： Either you or Jane is to be sent abroad. 由there或here引导的句子，主语不止一个词时，谓语通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致（就近原则）。如： There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. 7 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍与主语保持一致。如： The teacher with three students was doing an experiment. E-mail, as well as phone calls, is playing an important part in daily communication. 8 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作主语时，通常看作整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Three thousand miles is a long distance. 注意：如果强调数量，谓语动词可用复数。如： More than fifty years have passed since they got married. 主谓一致练习 1. All but one _____ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____ tired of having one examination after another.