Fundamental Requirements的基本要求.pptVIP

Juvenile Justice, Module One Fundamental Requirements of a Juvenile Justice System The system must be rational and humane Effective in reaching its goals Cost effective in doing so Respect for human dignity Refer to the United Nations treaties. The child needs to be treated with humanity Prohibition of torture, capital punishment and life imprisonment without possibility of release for all persons below 18 years Use of deprivation of liberty as a measure of last resort and for the shortest period of time - In case of deprivation of liberty, the child should be treated with humanity and in a manner that takes into account the special needs of persons of that age Juvenile Justice Manual, Module One, 2 The system shall be child- centered or child-oriented - The child is subject to fundamental rights and freedoms - All actions concerning the child need to be guided by his/her best interests Specialization and multidisciplinary approach A juvenile justice system shall aim to encourage specialization in child justice practice A distinct system that treats children differently in a manner appropriate to their age and level of maturity The approach has to involve all the actors Models of Law Discretion is exercised throughout thejuvenile justice system Discretion is defined as: An authority conferred by law to act in certain conditions or situations in accordance with an officials or an official agencys own considered judgment and conscience according to the rules of equity and the nature of the circumstances. Who exercises discretion?  : These criminal justice officials must often decide whether or not or how to…  Police Enforce specific laws Investigate specific crimes Search people, vicinities and buildings Arrest or detain people Prosecutors File charges or petitions for adjudication Seek Indictments Drop cases Reduce charges Judges or