磁控溅射沉积系统设计及sic-al薄膜的摩擦特性研究-design of magnetron sputtering deposition system and study on friction characteristics of sic - al thin films.docx
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磁控溅射沉积系统设计及sic-al薄膜的摩擦特性研究-design of magnetron sputtering deposition system and study on friction characteristics of sic - al thin films
摘要摘要万方数据万方数据摘 要本文利用自主研发的超高真空物理气相沉积设备在基材(Ti-6Al-4V)上沉 积出了性能优异的 SiC 薄膜,并创新性地使用 Al 过渡层作为薄膜与基材之间的 中间层,解决了二者间的结合强度问题;在薄膜中掺杂 Al 元素成功地解决了 SiC 薄膜的摩擦性能问题。同时,中间层材料与掺杂材料均为 Al 元素,可以简化沉 积工艺和沉积设备,使得可以用双靶磁控溅射设备完成整个沉积过程,为解决 钛铝合金的磨损问题提供了一种可靠的方法。为了满足研究保护性涂层薄膜的需要,本文首先依据研究实践经验和相关 技术,完成了射频磁控溅射物理沉积系统(RF-MS PVD)的制造,其中以旋片 泵、扩散泵和钛泵组成的三级超高真空系统,可以在 30 分钟内使 0.23 立方米的 真空室达到 1.33×10-6 Pa 以上的真空度。本研究中使用 Al 靶和 SiC 靶在钛合金基材上溅射沉积得到了无定形的的 SiC-Al 薄膜,着重研究了 Al 掺杂含量、中间层厚度和摩擦副材料等参数对薄膜 摩擦特性和界面结合强度的影响。当摩擦副为 SiC 时,随着薄膜中 Al 原子含量 的增加,SiC 球与 SiC-Al 薄膜之间的摩擦系数先降低后增加,在 Al 原子含量为 0.97%mat 时,SiC-Al 薄膜有最低摩擦系数为 0.08;SiC-0.97%matAl 薄膜与 SUS304 和 Al2O3 球之间的摩擦系数在 0.1 左右,而其与 SUJ2 轴承钢球之间有最 低的摩擦系数(0.04-0.07)。通过多次重复实验,确认了这两种材料之间有很低的摩擦系数;磨耗试验中,在 Al 中间层的厚度超过 0.2 μm 以上时,SiC-Al 薄膜的疲劳寿命超过了 34000 循环,薄膜几乎被磨光,而在此过程中没有出现剥离分层现象,这表明以 Al 作为 SiC-0.97%matAl 与钛合金基材的中间层材料能够很 好地改善它们间的界面结合强度。关键词:SiC-Al 薄膜 中间过渡层 摩擦特性 磨耗 界面强度IAbstAbstractAbstractAl-doped SiC (SiC-Al) coatings with outstanding properties have been deposited on substrates (Ti-alloy) by the ultrahigh vacuum Physical Vapor Deposition system which is designed and fabricated by our own. Al is used both as intermediate layer and doping element in order to solve problems of the poor interfacial adhesion between films and substrates and the high friction coefficient of SiC coatings, respectively. On the other hand, the simplification of depositional process and equipment generated by this technique makes it possible to complete the whole depositional process in our dual-target unbalanced magnetron sputtering reactor, which could be a stable solution to deal with the wear problem of Ti-alloy.In order to better meet the further requirements of studying films as rigid protective coating, a Radio Frequency MagnetronSputtering Physical Vapor Deposition (RF-MS PVD) system was fabricated accorading to associated techniques and practical experience. A three-stage ultrahigh vacuum system composed of rotary vane pump and diffusion pump in parallel with TSP ( titanium sublimation pump)was designed ma
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