教育心理学 Chapter 10.ppt

[In a language course] success depends less on materials, techniques and linguistic analyses, and more on what goes on inside and between the people in the classroom. ---Stevick Group dynamics * * L/O/G/O 10 The role of group dynamics in foreign language learning and teaching Zoltán D?rnyei and Angi Malderez Group processes are fundamental factor in most learning contexts and can make all the difference when it comes to successful learning experiences and outcomes. Group dynamics is the study of groups, and also a general term for group processes. It shows the way in which a group people behave and react to each other in a particular situation. Group formation Group dissolution Group transition The development of the group Group performing Four primary developmental stages: Three relevant aspects for L2 teachers 1.Intermember relations Group development can result in strong cohesiveness based on intermember acceptance regardless of the initial intermember attractions. Initial interpersonal attraction-------- a function of physical attractiveness, perceived ability of the other person, and perceived similarity in attitudes, personality and economic status. Acceptance-----a term referring to a non-evaluative feeling that has nothing to do with likes and dislikes, but involves rather an ‘unconditional positive regard’ towards other individuals as complex human beings with all their values and imperfections. Proximity Contact Joint hardship Co-operation Successful completion of whole group tasks Intergroup competition Interaction Common threat Concrete factors that can enhance affiliation The most crucial and general factor to promote acceptance is learning about each other. P160 2. Group norms It is necessary to set certain ‘rules of conduct’ in the classroom to make joint learning possible. Some of the group n