英语写作基础教程讲义.doc

《英语写作基础教程》讲义 Chapter 1 Using Proper Words Choice of wordsbuild up a large vocabularythe recognition vocabularythe active vocabulary2. Approaches to the building up a vocabularyLearning words from a word-list or from a dictionary.(2) Learning words from speech and writing (context)E.g. KillHe killed the man.He killed the dog.They killed the proposal.Please kill the engine.She is dressed to kill.You are killing me.She killed her child with kindness.He took a snack to kill his hungry.He killed every day at the park.He killed himself with overworkHe killed the spirit of the group.The news killed their hope.These flowers kill easily.He killed three bottle of Whisky in a week.Kill one’s appetiteKill peaceKill the moodKill marriageII. Using words correctly1.overcome Chinglish2. Beware of archaisms, obsolete words, anachronisms and newly-coined wordsWords or meaning of words which are no longer in common used but occur in special text (e.g. Religious works) and poetry are called archaic.Words or meaning which have gone out of use altogether are called obsolete.Words that are inappropriate for the time about which one is writing are called anachronisms3.Avoid slang Chapter 2 Make Correct and Effective Sentences Basic elements of a sentence what is a sentence? Typical English sentence pattern: Subject +predicate II. ?Characteristics of an Effective Sentence[1] Correctness Sentence fragment A grammatically complete sentence has a verb with its subject. Structurally it must be a independent unit, capable of standing alone. Fragments are incomplete sentences. Usually, fragments are pieces of sentences that have become disconnected from the main clause, such as phrase clause, appositives and other such group of words, when any of them is written and punctuated as a sentence , it is called sentence fragment. Below are some examples with the fragments: Fragment (phrase or dependent clause) Possible Revision Purdue offers many majors in engin