《高中英语语法大全》时态和语态及练习（附答案）.docVIP

《高中英语语法大全》第08章 时态和语态 汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种，而且重点测试完成时态。?要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。1、一般现在时? 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time?等时间状语；?表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.?The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;?条件：if, unless, provided.If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter?＋宾语从句，?从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。?So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.?只要他努力工作，?我不介意他什么时候做完试验。考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……)?句型中,?若主句是一般将来时,?从句通常用一般现在时。?The harder you study, the better results you will get.2、现在进行时?表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。?We are having English class.The house is being built these days.?The little boy is always making trouble.?考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。　Look out when you are crossing the street.?Dont wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考点二：?表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：考点一：for +?时间段；since +?时间点They have lived in Beijing for five years.?They have lived in Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,??Has it stopped raining yet ??考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/?年/?月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history?等?考点四：表示“第几次做某