高考语法-虚拟语气节解跟练习.doc

高考语法-虚拟语气讲解及练习 ★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做. 官方网站：HYPERLINK // 清华大学英语教授研究组提供 高考英语语法专题讲解-虚拟语气 1 虚拟条件句： 1.1 与现在事实不一致，其句型为： If +主语＋did，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋do. 如： If I were you, I would study hard. （可倒装） If it rained, I would not be here now. 1.2 与过去事实不一致，句型为： If +主语＋had＋done，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋done. 如： If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved. （可倒装） 比较这一句： If the doctor had come last night, the boy would be saved. -（混合虚拟:要求根据语境判断！） 1.3 将来事实不一致，句型为： ＋do，主语＋should（could ，would, 或might）＋do. 如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（可倒装） If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.（可倒装） If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.（混合虚拟） P.S: 1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。 2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。 1.4 虚拟倒装：在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. 1.5 without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含虚拟（语气较为含蓄）,分3种情况动词作同上的变化。 1.5.1 Without you, I would never know him. But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well. I would be most glad to help you, but I’ am busy now. I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor! 1.5.2 与过去事实相反： But that she was afraid, she would have said no. I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working. 2 名词性虚拟语气： 在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹、感叹、愿望时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，具体类型有： 2.1 遇到：suggest, suggestion, insist, insistence, order, demand, request, command, propose,proposal ,desire, plan, idea时:——主语＋（should）＋do， 如： Mother insisted（坚决要求） that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句） （P.S．当insist意为“坚称说”，不要虚拟语气！） We suggested that the meeting should not be held. The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位语从句） （P.S．当suggest意为“暗示，表明”，不要虚拟语气！） It was required that the crops shoul