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虚拟6202836875.doc

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虚拟6202836875

虚拟语气 PAGE PAGE 6 用法及动词形式   1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:   从句:主语+过去时 主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do   例:  1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.   如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)   2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.   如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)   3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)   4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.   如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱)   5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.   如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力)    2、表示与过去事实相反的情况   从句:主语+had done   主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have done    例: 1. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。 (事实:去晚了)   2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。 (事实:没有听我的话)   3、表示对将来情况的主观推测   从句:①if+主语+were to do 主句:①主语+should/would/could/might+do ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do    ③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do    例: 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。 (事实:来的可能性很小)   2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.   如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。(事实:不知能否下雪)   3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.  如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。   4、 有时, HYPERLINK /view/1757403.htm \t _blank 虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。   ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。   如:   If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.   如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了   If they had informed us, we would not come here now.   如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。   ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。   如:  If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.   如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。   If he knew her, he would have greeted her.   要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。   5、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即将were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。   如: Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.   要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。   Were s

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