虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中.ppt

* * Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 虚拟语气用于名词性从句 虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句 中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式were）”， 而主句中的谓语动词用“would/ should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如： If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. （2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语 动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should /might / could + have +过去分词”。如： If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. （3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动 词一般过去时或should (were to) + 动词原形，而主句中 的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。 如； If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. （4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所 发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的 时间作相应调整。如： If they had worked hard, they would be very tired. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) would / should / could / might do did / should (were to) + do 与将来事实相反 would / should / could / might do did (be 用 were) 与现在事实相反 should / would / could / might have done had done 与过去事实相反 主 句 条件状语从句 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式： 有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式， 即“were / had / should +主语”。如： Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 虚拟语气用于名词性从句 （1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could (should) +have +过去分词”。如： I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. ②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist 、request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如： She suggested we (should) leave here at once. The doctor ordered she should be operated. （2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”。如： His suggestion that we (should) go to Shanghai is wonderful. My idea is that they (should) pay 100 dollars.