chapter-1-geography,-people-and-language-二学位.ppt

Unit One A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom Geography People Language Ⅰ Geography 1. Terms about British Geography British Isles, Britain, Great Britain, England, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom 1.1. British Isles (不列颠群岛） Off the coast of mainland Western Europe lie two islands called the British Isles. The larger one is the island of Britain, or Great Britain, and the smaller island is known as Ireland. 1.2. Britain （不列颠岛） Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. It accounts for more than 90% of the country’s landmass. That is why the country is also known as Great Britain. (Britons, 4th to 3rd B.C; Celts in 5th century B.C.) 1.3. Northern Ireland The land of Ireland is divided into two parts: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, while the Republic of Ireland is an independent country. 1.4. The United Kingdom Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland It consists of Scotland, Wales and England and also about one-sixth of Ireland, the north-eastern part. The Make-up of the UK ????Four Parts-----England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 2. British Physical Geography Location Island country, northwestern Europe Boundaries Atlantic Ocean, North Sea, English Channel, The Republic of Ireland Chunnel The Channel Tunnel, a railroad link between Britain and France, running 50 km long, and 40 m beneath the seabed, began in 1986, and was open to traffic in May 1994, thus linking Britain with mainland Europe. Land Area A total land area of 242,910 sqkm, just under 1,000 km from the south coast to the extreme north, under 500 km across the widest part. Physical features Lowland and highland region division Most of England, consist of Lowland Britain. The east and southeast are mostly lowlands with much good farmland. Highland Britain consists mainly of Scotland, Wales, Northern England. 3. British Rivers and Lakes 3 great ports London, Liverpo