婴幼儿轮状病毒两种检测方法比较.docVIP

婴幼儿轮状病毒两种检测方法比较 　　[摘要] 目的：比较轮状病毒（RV）金标免疫层析法（GICA）和电镜法（EM），为实验室合理选择检测方法提供依据。 方法：采用GICA和EM法对120例婴幼儿腹泻标本和100例正常婴幼儿粪便标本进行检测，计算阳性率，并对其检测结果进行统计学分析与比较。结果：EM法的阳性率37.5%（45/120）高于（GICA）法的阳性率33.3%（40/120），差异有统计学意义（Kappa=0.392，χ2=19.64，P0．01）。两种方法对正常对照组进行检测，结果均为阴性。结论：GICA法和EM法检测婴幼儿粪便中轮状病毒，结果有明显差异。EM法阳性率高，而GICA法低，并且两种方法的假阳性率几乎不存在。 　　[关键词] 轮状病毒；金标免疫层析法；电镜法；方法比较 　　[中图分类号] R446.5[文献标识码]B [文章编号]1673-7210（2011）04（a）-091-02 　　 　　The comparison of two methods of infant rotavirus detection 　　SUN Anmin, MA Chunyan, LI Xianglei 　　Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Peoples Hospital of Kaifeng City, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475000, China 　　[Abstract] Objective: To carry out the gold standard immunochromatography assay (GICA) and the electron microscopy (EM) to compare the infant rotavirus (RV), which provides basis for a reasonable detecting method for laboratory. Methods: By using the GICA and the EM methods we selected 120 cases of diarrhea in infants and 100 normal samples of stool specimens for testing, and calculated the positive rates. The results were statistically analyzed and compared. Results: The positive rate by EM method (45/120, 37.5%) was higher than that by GICA method (40/120, 33.3%). The differences were significant (Kappa=0.392, χ2=19.64, P0.01). We also detected the normal control group by these two methods, the results were negative. Conclusion: By the GICA and the EM methods to detect the rotavirus in infants, the results are significantly different. The positive rate of EM is high and of the GICA is low. And the false positive rate of the two methods is almost non-existent. 　　[Key words] Rotavirus; Gold standard immunochromatography; Electron microscopy; Comparison 　　 　　轮状病毒（RV）是婴幼儿急性胃肠炎（腹泻）尤其是秋冬季腹泻的主要病因[1]，多为A群。新生儿RV感染也较普遍，一般通过粪-口途径传播，且多为无症状感染或轻型腹泻症状，常见于6个月~2岁的婴幼儿。通常使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）、金标免疫层析法（GICA）和电镜（EM）法来检测病毒，我院主要采用后两种方法。本文通过大量的实验数据，从实验的特异性和敏感度上对两种方法进行比较，以探讨两种不同方法在检测轮状病毒中的价值。现报道如下： 　　1 材料与方法 　　1.1 材料 　　1.1.1 仪器与试剂采用轮状病毒快速诊断试剂盒