外文翻译--装载机（适用于毕业论文外文翻译+中英文对照）.doc

w PAGE Loaders Overview Basic Concept . A loader is a type of HYPERLINK /wiki/Engineering_vehicle \o Engineering vehicle construction equipment (engineering vehicle) machinery that is primarily used to load material into another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, rail-car, etc.).Loaders are used mainly for uploading materials into HYPERLINK /wiki/Truck \o Truck trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and digging. A loader is not the most efficient machine for digging as it cannot dig very deep below the level of its wheels, like a backhoe can. Their deep HYPERLINK /wiki/Bucket \o Bucket bucket can usually store about 3-6 cubic meters of earth. The front loaders bucket capacity is much bigger than a bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders are not classified as earthmoving machinery, as their primary purpose is other than earthmoving. Unlike most HYPERLINK /wiki/Bulldozer \o Bulldozer bulldozers, most loaders are HYPERLINK /wiki/Wheel \o Wheel wheeled and not HYPERLINK /wiki/Caterpillar_track \o Caterpillar track tracked, although HYPERLINK /wiki/Track_loader \o Track loader track loaders are common. They are successful where sharp edged materials in construction debris would damage rubber wheels, or where the ground is soft and muddy. Wheels provide better mobility and speed and do not damage HYPERLINK /wiki/Pavement_(material) \o Pavement (material) paved HYPERLINK /wiki/Road \o Road roads as much as tracks but provide less traction. Unlike standard tractors fitted with a front bucket, many large loaders do not use automotive steering mechanisms. Instead, they steer by a hydraulically actuated pivot point set exactly between the front and rear HYPERLINK /wiki/Axle \o Axle axles. This is referred to as articulated steering and allows the front axle to be solid, allowing it to carry greater weight. Articulated steering provides better maneuverability for a given wheelbase. Since the front wheels and attachment rotate on the sameaxis, the o