SLAAn Intrctry Crse 4文档.ppt

the poverty of the stimulus argument ? the data in the stimulus are too thin to justify the knowledge that is built out of them. ? a native speaker of a particular language knows a particular aspect of syntax ? this aspect of syntax could not have been acquired from the language input typically available to him ? this aspect of syntax is not learned from outside ? this aspect of syntax is built-in to the mind * 5. Linguistic Universals and L1 acquisition U G ? the logical problem of LA the developmental problem ? logical problem the child needs to be constrained from forming incorrect hypothesis RECONSIDERATION of hypothesis testing two interpretations: 1st interpretation: inductive procedures 2nd interpretation: constrained by U G * ? developmental problem two questions raised: 1. Where do the unique constructions so characteristic of LA come from? 2. Why do children move from one stage to the next? Development vs acquisition Development: real-time learning of a language influenced by UG channel capacity product of maturation * Acquisition: language learning unaffected by maturation, dependent entirely on learner’s language faculty the evolving linguistic competence * Two different views on UG --- White‘s view: UG is available to the child from the start. Non-lilnguistic factors limit the child‘s ability to perceive and to produce particular sentence type --- Felix‘s view: the language faculty is not complete at the start, it develops along with other codnitive abilities * 6. Access to Universal Grammar in SLA 1. The complete access view Flynn ( 1984, 1987 ) parameter-setting model parameter setting in L1 L2: same ?