定义群体及群体发展的不同阶段描述决定群体绩效及满意度的.ppt

图表13-1 正式群体的示例 命令群体：一种基础的、传统的工作群体，由正式权力关系决定，并绘制在组织结构图中。典型的命令群体包括一名管理者和一些直接向其汇报工作的下属。 任务小组：为完成某一具体任务而临时组建的群体，一旦任务完成就解散。 跨职能群体：由来自不同工作领域的人员组成，汇集不同知识和技能，旨在共同解决工作中的各种问题。也包括成员受过培训，因而能相互替代工作的群体。 自我管理团队：基本上独立的群体。除了完成本职工作外，还承担一些传统意义上的管理职责，如人员招聘、计划安排、绩效评估等。 图表13-6使群体决策更有创造力的技术 图表13-7 冲突与群体绩效 图表13-10 高效团队的特点 需要掌握的术语 群体 形成阶段 震荡阶段 规范阶段 执行阶段 解体阶段 角色 规范 群体思维 地位 社会惰化 群体凝聚力 冲突 传统冲突观 人际关系冲突观 相互作用冲突观 良性冲突 恶性冲突 任务冲突 关系冲突 程序冲突 工作团队 问题解决团队 自我管理型工作团队 跨职能团队 虚拟团队 社会网络结构 * * * * * * Asch demonstrated the impact that conformity has on an individual’s judgment and attitudes. In these experiments, groups of seven or eight people were asked to compare two cards held up by the experimenter. One card had three lines of different lengths and the other had one line which was equal in length to one of the three lines on the other card (see Exhibit 13-4). * * * * * * * * Most of you are probably familiar with teams especially if you’ve watched or participated in organized sports events. Work teams differ from work groups and have their own unique traits (see Exhibit 13-9). * * * * * Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins Mary Coulter ?2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 13-* Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins Mary Coulter ?2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-* Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins Mary Coulter ?2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-* Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins Mary Coulter ?2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 13-* Copyright ? 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Ma