（毕业设计论文）《2-氯-4,6-二氨基-5-氰基嘧啶的合成》》.doc

辽宁科技大学本科生毕业论文 第 PAGE 16页 2-氯-4,6-二氨基-5-氰基嘧啶的合成 摘 要 2-氯-4,6-二氨基-5-氰基嘧啶是很好的医药中间体，目前在有机合成特别是药物合成中已得到广泛的应用。本文通过两步反应合成目标产物。首先以双氰胺钠和丙二腈为原料，反应得到中间体1-氨基-1氰氨基-2,2-二氰基乙烯钠盐。考察了投料量、溶剂、洗涤剂三者的质量比对反应产率的影响。结果表明以双氰胺钠和丙二腈（摩尔比为1.1：1）在160℃下，总投料量（双氰胺钠和丙二腈）：溶剂（N,N-二甲基乙酰胺）：洗涤剂（仲丁醇）为1：2：4（质量比），反应时间1小时，洗涤时间1.5小时等条件下得到的产率最高，可达88.2%（纯度98.4%）。将1-氨基-1-氰氨基-2,2-二氰基乙烯钠溶于溶剂中，在0 ℃-5 ℃下通入过量环化试剂可以得到2-氯-4,6-二氨基-5-氰基嘧啶，粗产品经提纯后纯度可达95.8%。合成中间体和目标产物利用MS、IR和NMR进行了结构表征。另外，洗涤剂可进行回收再利用，经处理后其洗涤效果与分析纯洗涤剂几乎无异。 关键字：双氰胺钠；丙二腈；质量比；洗涤剂；2-氯-4,6-二氨基-5-氰基嘧啶； 1-氨基-1氰氨基-2,2-二氰基乙烯钠盐 Synthesis of 2-chloro-4,6-amino-5-cyano-pyrimidine Abstract 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-5-cyano-pyrimidine is a good pharmaceutical intermediates, present in organic synthesis, especially synthetic drugs has been widely used. This two-step reaction through the target compound. First of all, and malononitrile with sodium dicyandiamide as raw materials reaction intermediates,1-amino-1-cyanide amino-2,2-dicyano-ethylene sodium. Investigated feeding amount, solvents, detergent mass ratio of the three effects on the reaction yield. The results show that the double cyanide of sodium and malononitrile ammonia (molar ratio of 1.1:1) at 160 ℃, the total feeding amount (two-ammonia and sodium cyanide malononitrile): solvent (N, N-dimethylacetamide) : detergent (butanol) = 1:2:4 (mass ratio), reaction time 1 hour, washing time was 1.5 hours in the yield obtained under conditions of maximum, up to 88.2% (purity 98.4%). The 1-amino-1-cyanoacrylic amino-2,2-dicyano-ethylene dissolved in solvent of sodium, in the 0 ℃ -5 ℃ access over the next cyclization reagent can be 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-5-cyano pyridine, the crude product was purified, the purity of 95.8%. Synthetic intermediates and target products are using MS, IR, HPLC and NMR were characterized. In addition, detergents can be recycled, treated analytically pure after the washing detergent with almost the same effect. Keywords: sodium dicyandiamide; malondiald