（毕业设计论文）《Φ3.5×36m冷却机电控系统.终稿》.doc

江南大学毕业设计论文 $3.5×36ｍ冷却机电控系统 作 者 姓 名 专 业 指导教师姓名 摘 要 冷却机是水泥厂常用的主要设备之一。它的位置是在水泥原料煅烧的设备——水泥窑之后，用于将从窑中送出的已煅烧完毕的水泥熟料疏松并使之冷却，而后送往水泥厂的另一重要设备——水泥磨中将水泥熟料研磨为散装水泥成品。 水泥生料煅烧后，必须经过熟料急冷系统——冷却机的处理。熟料的冷却除了有利于运输及后续的加工研磨外，也能提高水泥的品质。若缓慢冷却，熟料的一切成分均结成晶体，会影响水泥的抗压强度以及可研磨性。熟料的急速冷却同时也能提高水泥对于化学侵蚀的抵抗力（如硫酸钠及硫酸镁等化学侵蚀）。 本系统中冷却机的机械装置是一个长36ｍ的筒体，圆筒直径为3.5ｍ，带有通风制冷的装置。正常工作时，筒体倾斜地高速旋转，同时还能往复地上下运行（小型冷却机不带挡轮液压站，只有旋转功能）。在旋转的过程中靠筒体内的机械装置将煅烧后的大块熟料松散成小块，并通风散热将温度降下来，使原料冷却。 关键词：冷却机；继电器；液压 PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAULIC PRESSURE A Frenchman named Pascal discovered that a pressure applied to any part of a confined fluid transmits to every other part with no loss. The pressure acts with equal force on all equal areas of the confining walls and perpendicular to the walls. Remember when you are talking about the hydraulic machine, you are talking about the way a liquid acts in a closed system of pipes and cylinders. The action of a liquid under such conditions is somewhat different from its behavior in open containers or in lakes, rivers, or oceans. You also should keep in mind that you cannot compress most liquids into a smaller space. Liquids don’t “give” the way air does when you apply pressure, nor do liquids expand when you remove pressure. Punch a hole in a tube of toothpaste. If you push down at any point on the tube, the toothpaste comes out of the hole. Your force has transmitted from one place to another through the toothpaste, which is a thick, liquid fluid. Figure 10-5 shows what would happen if you punched four holes in the tube. If you were to press on the tube at one point, the toothpaste would come out of all four holes. You have illustrated a basic principle of hydraulic machines. That is, a force applied on a liquid transmits equally in every direction to all parts of the container. We use this principle in the operation of four-wheel hydraulic automobile brakes. Figure 10-6 is a simplified drawing of this brake system. You push down on the brake pedal and force t