隐喻性成语语义映射1.PDF

Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing Vol. 10, No. 4, December 2005, pp. 571-580 571 © The Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing 隱喻性成語的語義映射1 Semantic Mapping in Chinese Metaphorical Idioms ∗+ + + + 李芸 、李素建 、王治敏 、吳云芳 Yun Li, Sujian Li, Zhimin Wang and Yunfang Wu 摘 要 成語中的隱喻是一種非常普遍的現象。從本義到其隱喻義，可以看作是一種此 類事物語義映射到彼類事物的認知活動。本文對 2,347 條隱喻性成語進行了統 計，分析了它們的語言特點、語法結構、語法功能、語法結構與語法功能的關 係以及語義類別。分析了隱喻性成語中的語義映射的類型。大多數隱喻性成語 都是由關涉性語義成分和描述性語義成分共同構成，其中關涉性語義成分是實 現顯性事物到隱性事物語義映射的基礎，而它們的關聯則依賴于描述性語義成 分。 關鍵字：隱喻，隱喻性成語，語義映射 Abstract Metaphors in idioms are universal in languages. The progression from conceptual meaning to metaphorical meaning is a cognitive activity of mapping from one thing to another. This paper, based on the analysis of 2,347 metaphorical idioms, their linguistic features, grammatical structures, grammatical functions, and semantic categories, tries to identify categories of metaphorical idioms. Most of the metaphorical idioms in Chinese are found to be composed of projective semantic 1 本文相關研究得到中國國家 863 計畫(2001AA114210 ，2002AA117010)和國家 973 計畫 (2004CB318102)的支持。 ∗ 北京大學計算語言學研究所 Institute of Computational Linguistics, Peking University, Beijing, China E-mail: {liyun2003, lisujian, wangzm, wuyf}@ + 中國社會科學院語言研究所 Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing, China E-mail: liyun@. [Received April 20, 2005; Revised June 17, 2005; Accepted August 21, 2005] 572 李芸 等 elements and descriptive semantic elements, am