化学工程和工艺专业英语练习答案.doc

Key to Exercise Unit 1 Chemical Industries the Industrial Revolution organic chemicals the contact process the Haber process synthetic polymers intermediates artificial fertilizers pesticides (crop protection chemicals) synthetic fibers pharmaceutical research and development petrochemical computers(automatic control equipment) capital intensive Some Chemicals Used In Our Daily Life Food artificial fertilizers, pesticide, veterinary products Health antibiotics, β-blockers Clothing synthetic fibers (e.g. polyesters, polyamides), synthetic dyes Shelter synthetic polymers (e.g. urea-formaldehyde, polyurethanes), plastics Leisure plastics and polymers (e.g. nylon) Transport additives (e.g. anti-oxidants, viscosity index improvements), polymers, plastics Unit 2 Research and Development RD ideas and knowledge process and products fundamental applied product development existing product pilot plant profitbility environmental impact energy cost technical support process improvement effluent treatment pharmaceutical sufficiently pure Reaction unreacted material by-products the product specification Product storage Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers Mechanical electrical civil scale-up commercial-size reactors distillation columns pumps control and instrumentation mathematics industry academia steam cooling water an economical to improve PI Drawings Equipment Specification Sheets Construction capacity and performance bottlenecks Technical Sales new or improved engineering methods configurations Unit 4 Sources of Chemicals inorganic chemicals derive from (originate from) petrochemical processes Metallic ores extraction process non-renewable resource renewable sources energy source fermentation process selective raw material separation and purification food industry to be wetted Key to success Crushing and grinding Sieving Stirring and bubbling Surface active agents Overflowing Unit 5 Basic Chemicals Ethylene acetic acid Polymerization P