f第六章 胺类药物的分析课件.ppt

Chapter 6 Analysis of amines胺类药物的分析 ; Analysis of amines胺类药物的分析; 本章基本要求; Fundamental requirements ;The analysis of aromatic amines;Benzocaine;;P-aminobenzoic acid esters;Weak basicity 除苯佐卡因外，因其脂烃胺侧链为叔胺氮原子，故具有弱碱性。 Other characteristics 本类药物因苯环上具有芳伯氨基或同时具有脂烃胺侧链，其游离碱多为碱性油状液体或低熔点固体，难溶于水，可溶于有机溶剂。其盐酸盐均系白色结晶性粉末，具有一定的熔点，易溶于水或乙醇，难溶于有机溶剂。 ;Amides ; Phenolic hydroxyl reaction ; The side chain of aliphatic ammine of Lidocaine and bubivacaine possesses basicity because of the tertiary amine nitrogen. It can react with acid to form salt and with alkaloid reagents to form precipitation. The precipitation has a certain melting point when reacting with tri-nitrophenol.; Precipitation reaction The amide nitrogens of lidocaine hydrochloride and bubivacaine hydrochloride can complex with copper ion or cobalt ion. The precipitation of coordination compound has specific color. Ultraviolet absorption and infrared absorption spectrum can be used for the analysis of this group of drugs .;Identification ;Diazotization reaction;Heavy metal ion reaction;Reaction with cobalt ion 在酸性溶液中与氯化钴试液反应，生成亮绿色细小钴盐沉淀。 ; 羟肟酸铁盐反应;Hydroximic acid ferric salt reaction ;Hydrolysate reaction ;Identification of benzocaine;The melting point of derivatives ;The derivative of thiocyanate（硫氰酸盐）;Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (benzene ring );Infrared absorption spectrum;Infrared spectrum of paracetamol as a KBr disc;Impurity test ; The sources of impurity 以对硝基氯苯为原料，水解后制得对硝基酚，经还原生成对氨基酚，再经乙酰化后而制得。 以酚为原料经亚硝化及还原反应制得对氨基酚。 ; Clarity and color of ethanol solution 生产工艺中使用铁粉作为还原剂，可能带入成品中，致使乙醇溶液产生浑浊。中间体对氨基酚的有色氧化产物，在乙醇中显橙红色或橙色。 （colorimetry） Relevant substances 因生产工艺路线不同，会带入有机杂质，主要包括中间体、副产物及分解产物。如：对氨基酚、对氯乙酰苯胺、ο–乙酰基对乙酰氨基酚、偶氮苯、氧化偶氮苯、苯醌和醌亚胺等。药典对本品“有关杂质”项下检查，以对