深圳福田红树林冻害后生长状况恢复研究.DOC

PAGE PAGE 1 深圳福田主要红树植物冻害与恢复状况调查 陈里娥1, 许会敏2，徐华林1，林石狮2, 廖文波2*，辛国荣2，昝启杰2,3 （1. 广东内伶仃福田国家级自然保护区管理局, 深圳 518040; 2. 中山大学生命科学学院, 有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室, 广州 510275; 3. 深圳市羊台山公园, 深圳518040） 摘要: 2008年初，深圳福田红树植物遭受了近五十年来最为严重的低温寒害，引种红树及本地红树物种都受到了不同程度的影响，主要表现在叶片的枯萎、树干的折断，植物种群相对多度及密度的改变。本文在2008年度调查的基础上，2009年、2010年又对该片红树植物开展了恢复状况和生长现状调查，结果表明：（1）引种树种恢复的状况在不同物种之间有所差异，引种海桑、无瓣海桑在冻害后一度得到良好恢复；木榄生长良好，也有新枝萌发，受冻害影响较小；海莲大多数死亡，从原有的48株减少到目前的12株；澳洲白骨壤生长良好；（2）乡土树种恢复良好，秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤都可正常生长；（3）由于海桑、无瓣海桑受害严重，管理人员对其大树和幼苗进行了人工清理，目前保护区内海桑、无瓣海桑数目急剧减少。 关键词：深圳福田；冻害；恢复；引种红树；乡土树种 Investigation of cold damage and renew of several main mangrove plants in Neilingding-Futian National Nature Reserve of Guangdong, China CHEN Li-e1, XU Hui-min2, XU Hua-lin1, Lin Shi-shi2, LIAO Wen-bo2*, XIN Guo-rong2, ZAN Qi-Jie2,3 (1. Neilingding-Futian National Nature Reserve of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518040, China; 2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; 3. Administration Office of Yangtaishan Forestry Park, Shenzhen 518048, China) Abstract: In early 2008, the mangrove plants in the Shenzhen Bay have been suffer from most severe cold damage during 50 years. That native mangrove and introduced mangrove have been affected to some extent, were characterized by stem break, leaves withered, and change of relative abundance and density of mangrove species in community. In this paper, the cold damage and renew of mangrove plants were investigated by 2009 to 2010, which the results showed: (1) different introduced mangrove plants have different renew and recovery capability, for examples, the introduced Sonneratia apetala and Sonneratia caseolaris were recovery well, which all individuals almost grow the new leaves; Bruguiera HYPERLINK /mangrove/红树林植物/真红树植物/木榄/mulan.htm \t _blank gymnorrhiza recovery well and grow to be formed new young twig; the most of Bruguiera sexangula died and decreased from 48 to 12 individuals; the introduced Avicennia marina?(Forsk.) V