高中英语疑难句型和结构拾遗.docVIP

高中英语疑难句型和结构拾遗 　　大部分高中生在备战高考的过程中,往往都对大的语法专项重视有加,而容易忽视一些较为零散的句型和结构。为了帮助同学们全面扎实地复习备考,笔者特结合自身教学实际,挑选了一些高中生普遍存在问题的疑难句型和结构,结合高考真题进行讲练,希望能帮同学们扫除盲点、夯实基础,在考试中取得高分。 　　 　　一、hardly ... when ... / before和no sooner ... than ... 　　 　　【知识点津】 　　Hardly ... when ...和no sooner ... than ...这两个句型都有“一……就……”“刚刚……就……”的意思,二者有时可以互换。Hardly ... when ...句型中的hardly可换为scarcely或barely,when可以换为before。 　　使用这两个句型时需注意:主句通常使用过去完成时,从句通常使用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生在从句动作一瞬间之前;当hardly / scarcely / barely或no sooner位于句首时,主句需要部分倒装(从句语序不变)。例如: 　　Hardly had I got into the classroom when it began to rain. 我刚一进教室天就下起雨来。 　　No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep. 他一上床就睡着了。 　　【链接高考】 　　1.―Did Linda see the traffic accident? 　　―No, no sooner ________ than it happened. (2006年天津卷) 　　A. had she gone B. she had gone 　　C. has she gone D. she has gone 　　【答案】A。 　　2. The girl had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010年福建卷) 　　A. before B. until C. as D. since 　　【答案】A。 　　二、A is to B what C is to D 　　 　　【知识点津】 　　句型“A is to B what C is to D”意为“A 对B之关系犹如C对D之关系”,是为了让人明白 A 与 B 的关系,而利用人所熟知的 C 与 D 的关系来进行比喻的句法。从结构上看,what从句为表语从句,而在这个表语从句中,what又充当表语。这个句型实际相当于:A is something to B as C is (something) to D。例如: 　　Air is to us what water is to fish. 我们离不开空气,就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 　　Exercise is to the body what thinking is to the brain. 运动与身体的关系,就如同思考与头脑的关系。 　　【链接高考】 　　Engines are to machines ________ hearts are to animals. (2006年山东卷) 　　A. asB. thatC. whatD. which 　　【答案】C。 　　 　　三、can never ... too ...和cant ... too ... 　　 　　【知识点津】 　　Can never ... too ...和cant ... too ...这两个结构看似是否定形式,实际表达的却是肯定含义,意为“越……越好”“再……也不为过”。例如: 　　A man can never have too many ties. 男人有多少条领带都不为过。 　　Drinking water can never be too clean. 饮用水越干净越好。 　　You cant praise him too highly. 你无论怎么表扬他都不为过。 　　有时,can never (cant) ... enough ... 结构也可以表达与此相同的含义。例如: 　　I cant thank you enough. 我对您感激不尽。 　　【链接高考】 　　1. ―Must I turn off the gas after cooking? 　　―Of course. You can never be ________