化纤毛纺厂总变电所及配电系统设计..doc

化纤毛纺厂总变电所及配电系统设计 摘 要 众所周知，工厂供电就是将电力系统的电能降压再分配电能到各个厂房或车间中去，它由工厂降压变电所，高压配电线路，车间变电所，低压配电线路及用电设备组成。工厂总降压变电所及配电系统设计，是根据各个车间的负荷数量和性质，生产工艺对负荷的要求，以及负荷布局，结合国家供电情况来设计的。 因此，为实现工厂供配电的高效和合理，必须根据各车间的负荷数量和性质，并考虑到电气设备的运行维护以及生产工艺对负荷的要求，进行负荷的统计和短路电流的计算，并最终依此选择高低压设备、输电线路的型号，完成简单避雷措施设计，解决对各部门的安全可靠，经济分配电能的问题！ 关键词：降压，电能，负荷，短路电流，电气设备 ABSTRACT As we all know ,Factory power supply system of the power system is the redistribution of power step-down power to the various factories or workshops, and its step-down transformer from the factory, high-voltage power distribution lines,substation plant, low-voltage distribution lines and electrical equipment composition. The total step-down substation plant and distribution system design is based on the various workshops the number and nature of the load, the production process on the load requirements as well as load distribution, combined with the national power supply situation. Therefore, in order to achieve the factory for the efficient and rational distribution, the load must be based on the number and nature of the workshop, and taking into account the operation and maintenance of electrical equipment and production process on the load requirements, the load calculation of statistics and short-circuit current, and So select the high and low end equipment, transmission line model, complete the simple design of lightning protection measures to address the safety and reliability of various departments, the problem of economic distribution of power. KEY WORDS: step-down, power, load, short-circuit, electrical equipment 目　录 前言 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 第1章 负荷的计算 2 1.1电力系统的负荷 2 1.1.1负荷的概念 2 1.1.2电力负荷的等级 2 1.2电力系统的计算负荷 3 1.2.1单台机械负荷计算 3 1.2.2车间计算负荷统计 7 1.3无功功率补偿及其计算 9 1.3.1 无功功率的人工补偿装置 9 1.3.2 并联电容器的选择计算 9 第2章 变压器的选择 12 2.1变配电所所址选择 12 2.1.1变配电所所址选择的一般原则 12 2.2负荷中心的确定方法 13 2.3变电所主变压器的选择 15 2.3.1确定变压器容量、台数的原则 15 2.3.2变压器的损耗 17 第3章 电气主接线及其设计 20 3.1电气主接线方案的选择 20 3.1.1主接线的设计原则 20 3.1.2电气主接线 21 3.2短路计算的计算 23 3.2.1绘制计算电路 23 3.2.2确定基准值 23 3.2.3计算短路电路中各元件的电抗标