制备工艺对硅泡沫材料微观结构和宏观力学性能的影响研究.docx

Vol. 20，No. 5Oct．，2 Vol. 20，No. 5 Oct．，2014 第 20 卷第 5 期 2014 年 10 月 功能材料与器件学报 JOUＲNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MATEＲIALS AND DEVICES 文章编号: 1007 － 4252( 2014) 05 － 0001 － 93 制备工艺对硅泡沫材料微观结构和宏观力学性能的影响研究 史平安1 ，胡文军1 ，张长生2 中国工程物理研究院 总体工程研究所，绵阳 621900; ( 1． 2． 中国工程物理研究院 化工材料研究所，绵阳 621900) 摘要: 为了获得满足工程需要的高性能的硅泡沫材料，本文针对混合发泡法和溶析成孔法制备的硅 泡沫材料开展了电镜扫描、单轴压缩和应力松弛实验，通过对材料微观结构特征和宏观力学性能的 以及实验数据分散性的对比，对材料的综合性能进行了全面评估。研究表明，材料的应力松弛及力 学性能主要受泡孔结构的影响。相对于混合发泡法制备的混合泡孔的硅泡沫材料，溶析成孔法制 备的球形泡孔的硅泡沫材料具有优异的压缩性能和较低的应力松弛率，且实验数据重复性更好。 而采用无规共聚或多嵌段共聚合成技术能够进一步改善材料的压缩和松弛性能。 关键词: 硅泡沫材料; 泡孔结构; 力学性能; 混合发泡法; 溶析成孔法 中图分类号: TB24，TB330． 1 文献标识码: A Influence of the preparation technology on microstructure and macroscopic mechanical behavior of silicone foam Shi Ping-an1 ，Hu Wen-jun1 ，Zhang Chang-sheng2 ( 1． Institute of Systemic Engineering，CAEP，Mianyang 621900，China; 2． Institute of Chemical Materials，CAEP，Mianyang 621900，China) Abstract: In order to obtain high performance silicone foam material to meeting the requirements for en- gineering projects，the experimental investigation of scanning electron microscope experiment and uniaxial compression and stress relaxation test were conducted on silicone foam prepared by mixed foaming method and dissolve － separating foaming method． And the comprehensive performance of two kinds of silicone foams was evaluated roundly by comparing and analyzing of microstructure features and mechanical per- formance． The result showed that mechanical properties of the material are mainly affected by cellular structure． Spherical cellular silicone foam prepared by dissolve － separating foaming method has better compression properties and lower relaxation rate than mixed cellular silicone foam prepared by mixed foa- ming method，and the repeatability of experimental data is rather good． Mechanical performance can be further improved by using synthesis technology of random copolymer and multi － block copolymer． Key words: Silicone foam; Cellular structure; Mechanical behavior; Mixed