毕业设计对电动车用铅酸电池充电器的研究.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 摘 要 随着环境污染和能源危机，电动自行车和电动汽车成为近年来发展迅速的新型交通工具，有巨大的发展空间。世界各个国家大力的推行电动自行车和电动汽车,电动自行车以其特有的优势得到了普遍应用。然而电动自行车在其行驶的过程当中也渐渐暴露了一些缺点,就是电动自行车装备的铅酸蓄电池的使用寿命普遍短。一个是电池本身的质量问题，不同的电池有不同的特性，使用的环境和效果也不一样。二是由于在电池充电的过程中，使用了不当的充电方法，容易造成电池未完全充电或过度充电，使得电池的寿命会有很大的损失。这时充电器的选择就显得非常重要，为此让充电器更加方便，更加快速，更加高效的运行是本设计的目的。 本文剖析了能源电池的使用特性，工作原理和充电性能，也研究了电动车经常使用的充电方式。着重的研究了如何让铅蓄电池快速充电，其中包括影响动力蓄电池快速充电的原因和提高充电速度的措施。最后，归纳出了一套为铅酸蓄电池快速充电的方式。 在比较了多种拓扑结构和控制方法后，选定了半桥为主拓扑控制方式，芯片SG3525为控制芯片，辅助电路采用反激模式，UC3843为辅助电路的主控芯片。然后本文对这种控制方式的原理，存在的问题进行深刻的研究。 在本设计中进行了实物设计，经测试表明，设计满足要求。 关键词：充电器 半桥拓扑 SG3525 UC3843 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II ABSTRACT As the environmental pollution and energy crisis, electric cars and electric cars become a rapid development in recent years new means of transport, there is a huge space for development. The world each country to vigorously promote the electric bicycle and electric vehicles, electric bicycle with its peculiar advantages widely application. However, electric bicycles in the process of its driving also gradually exposed the shortcomings, is the service life of the lead-acid battery electric bicycle equipment generally short. One is the quality problem of the battery itself, 2 it is because in the process of the battery, the charging method is undeserved, easy to cause the battery is not fully charged or overcharge, the battery life can make a big loss. The main purpose of this paper is to design a kind of convenient, fast charging, efficient operation of the charging 。 Based on the analysis of working principle and charging energy battery characteristics, on the basis of frequently used in the electric power battery charging ways are studied. Studied on emphasis, rapid charging of lead-acid battery, including the factors that influence the battery charged quickly improve the charging speed. Finally, summed up a set of proper way of fast charging of lead-acid battery. In order to achieve the