毕业设计-甲醇氧化生产甲醛的设计.doc

PAGE PAGE 32 摘 要 该甲醇氧化生产甲醛的设计采用银催化剂的“甲醇过量法”也称“银催化法”制甲醛的工艺，甲醇氧化生产甲醛工艺的计算包括去除硫、氯等有害杂质、氧化脱氢工段进行设计计算，从最初的可能出现的过程到甲醛生产的开工和产品，其制造过程的资料信息，比如说设备参数，生产原材料的材料的介绍，花费消耗，物化性质都需要进行设计。并且绘制了工艺流程图，设备布置图。他们给出了过程的完整的技术描述。 说明书中对甲醛生产的过程的操作说明和设备设计给出了一步接一步的详细说明。设计过程包括三个部分：即物料衡算、热量衡算、设备计算。 在物料衡算的基础上，对整个装置进行了能量衡算，并通过衡算得出了装置加热蒸气量，软水耗量，入网蒸气富余蒸气量以及吸收工段各塔自身的循环量和冷却水耗量。其中对蒸发器、过热器、吸收塔、氧化器作了详细的热量衡算。在物料衡算和热量衡算的基础上，对设备进行了选型，及经济分析核算，安全问题与市场消费情况进行一定程度的讨论。 Summary The design of formaldehyde with methanol qxidation process adopt “methyl alcohol excessive law”of silver catalyct which call “silver catalyst law” too.I diddesigning on the base of production operation condition and production result.Technological calculate include getting ride of sulphur chlorine.etc which are harmful to the impurity; Information on manufacturing processes of formaldehyde,for example ,equipment parameters,materials of construction,cost and the physical properties of process materials are needed at all stage of design; from the initial screening of possible processes,to the plant start-up and production .To its response,ones thatget rid of sulphar,chlorine,etc,are harmful to the impurity,oxidine,deoxidation,section go on and design.and calcalute,draw process chart,equipment,assign and persued. They provide a complated technial descriptionof the process. The explanation of design give the detailed step by step,instruction for operation of the process and equipment. The design process includes three parts ：material balance ,thermal balance and calculate of equipment。On the base of material balance ,we have had a balance to the prodution equipment of formaldehyde.It has been calculated that the quantities of heating steam waste of soft waste of water,residue steam of entrance vapor pipe,circulating reflux and waste of cooling water, Right evaporator, superheater and absorber oxidation made the heat balance. On the basis of the material balance and heat balance the right equipment selection, and the e