湖北省花生平衡施肥技术研究Ⅳ农户花生施肥状况.doc

湖北省花生平衡施肥技术研究Ⅳ农户花生施肥状况.doc

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湖北省花生平衡施肥技术研究Ⅳ农户花生施肥状况

湖北省花生平衡施肥技术研究Ⅳ.农户花生施肥状况 摘要:对2007~2008年湖北省农户花生施肥状况进行了调查。结果表明,湖北省农户花生平均产量为2 968.1 kg/hm2,平均氮、磷、钾肥用量分别为114.7、60.7和25.2 kg/hm2。肥料类型主要有复合(混)肥、碳酸氢铵、过磷酸钙、尿素和农家肥等,以一次性基施为主,一次基肥加一次追肥次之。氮肥58.78%用于基肥,10.81%用于追肥,30.41%既作基肥也作追肥,磷、钾肥主要作基肥。分析认为湖北省农户花生氮肥用量偏高、磷肥用量较适宜,钾肥用量明显不足,有机肥料施用少,肥料类型、施用方式有待调整。建议根据花生的营养特性、目标产量、区域土壤养分特征等施肥,同时考虑养分周年统筹,轻简增施有机肥。 关键词:花生;农户施肥;调查;湖北省 study on peanut balanced fertilization technique in hubei province ⅳ. status of farmer peanut fertilization yu chang-bing1,li yin-shui1,xie li-hua1,hu xiao-jia1,liao bo-shou1,chen fang2,liao xing1 (1. key laboratory of oil crop biology of the ministry of agriculture / oil crops research institute of chinese academy of agricultural sciences,wuhan 430062,china; 2.wuhan botanical garden, chinese academy of sciences,wuhan 430074,china) abstract: the status of farmer fertilization of peanut in 2007 and 2008 in hubei province was investigated. it was determined that the average yield of peanut was 2 968.1 kg/hm2; and the average application amount of n, p2o5 and k2o was 114.7 kg/hm2, 60.7 kg/hm2 and 25.2 kg/hm2 respectively. the main applied fertilizer types include compound fertilizer, ammonium bicarbonate, superphosphate, urea and manure, etc. the fertilizers were used as single basal application (57.5% to total samples) and twice application (basal add top dressing, 29.9% to total samples). for n, 58.78% as basal fertilizer, 10.81% as top dressing and 30.41% as twice application. more than 80% of p2o5 and k2o was used as basal fertilizer. it was thought that the amount of fertilizer n on peanut in hubei province was too high; and p2o5 was suitable, but k2o and manure was deficient. the fertilizer type and application method need to be adjust. reasonable fertilization should consider the nutrient rules, the target yield and soil nutrient status of peanut. and then, a

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