冠词和介词用法.pptxVIP

目录01冠词（Articles）CONTENTS1. 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物。2. 冠词分为不定冠词a/an、定冠词the和零冠词三类。一、不定冠词(a/an)：只用于可数名词单数前。1. 表示一类人或事物中的任何一个，相当于”one”, 但不强调数目。e.g. My father is a doctor. Do you have a volleyball?Its an orange.2. 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。e.g. I take the medicine twice a day.There is a bank near here.3. a/an用法：首字母的读音是元音音素，要用an; 首字母是辅音音素，要用a. a, e, i, o, u五个元音字母处于句首时， 未必都是元音音素， u 发音 /ju:/或/ju/前面用冠词a; u发 /?/ 时，用冠词an。e.g. This is useful lesson. Its umbrella. 26个字母中开头为元音音素发音的字母： f /ef/, h /e?t?/, l/el/, m/em/, n/en/, r /ɑ?/, s/es/, x/eks/.e.g. There is “r” in the word “rain”. There is “k” in the word “kind”. This is European country. This is one-year-old boy.aananaaa二、定冠词the(可与任何名词放在一起使用，放在辅音前读 /e?/; 在元音前读/ei/）:1. 文章中第一次出现的可数名词单数前用a/an, 下次再出现要用the。e.g. First, cut up a tomato. Put the tomato on the bread.2. 表示特指或者说话人双方都知道的人或者事物。e.g. The white model plane is hers. ---Where are the keys? --- Its on the desk.3. play与乐器结合，表示演奏时，该乐器前用the.e.g. Can you play the piano? I can play the drum.4. 一些习惯用语或固定搭配。e.g. in the morning/afternoon/evening, on theleft/right, the day before yesterday5. 独一无二的事物或专有名词前。e.g. The moon goes around the earth. the United States, the Great Wall6. 序数词或者形容词最高级前。e.g. Mary is the third to come in. It is the best radio station in town.二、零冠词（即不使用冠词）：1.复数名词表示一类事物。e.g. I like elephants. Hamburgers are not healthy.2. 专有名词和不可数名词：e.g. I like milk. My friend is in China.3. 名词前已有定语this, that, my, your, some, any, each, every 等.e.g. Its her ruler. How much is this sweater? Some boys are playing on the playground.4. 节日、星期、月份前。e.g. We have no classes on Sundays. January is the first month of the year. Christmas Day, Teachers Day, National Day5. 一日三餐。 for lunch, have/eat breakfast6. 球类、棋类、游戏。 Can you play tennis? I often play computer games on Sundays.7. 某些固定词组中： at home/school, by train/bus/bike, on foot, go to school/bed, on time, at night, after class/school 目录介词（Prepositions）02CONTENTS介词，一般用于名词或代词前， 表示该词与句中其他成分