产品质量公益诉讼研究-经济法专业论文.docx

I I 摘 要 随着科技的进步，贸易日益频繁，现代社会产品的数量、品种等越来越多， 各种产品在更广阔的范围内流通，产品的传播速度越来越快，对消费者日常生活 产生了越来越大的影响力。产品质量纠纷也随之而增多,由于涉及到了大多数人 的利益和影响社会经济的发展,因此产品质量纠纷具有公益属性. 在现行的纠纷解决机制中有诉讼和非诉讼两大类，非诉讼解决机制没有强制 力，对于一味追求私益生产者，这种没有多大约束力的解决机制是难以解决问题， 而就诉讼机制而言,我国传统产品质量诉讼也暴露出原告资格不健全,诉讼效益 不经济和举证责任不均衡等问题。同样,当消费者公众利益遭受侵害时或有侵害 之虞时,公民便无法通过司法手段来维护这一公益。 现行的诉讼机制不能与现代产品质量纠纷完全融合，因此补充新的诉讼程序, 即引进公益诉讼。产品质量公益诉讼是解决产品质量纠纷的一种特殊方式，具有 追求公益效果的理念和功能。在一定意义上，产品质量诉讼的原告不仅是为了自 己，也是为了全体被害消费者而进行诉讼活动，能起到制止生产者、经营者的违 法行为，并对相关责任人施以制裁。这种制度的引进有利于市场的监督和预防， 有利于经济的良性循环。同时，在我国建立产品质量公益诉讼已经具有了法律基 础和现实依据。 欲使广大消费者积极通过诉讼行使权利，打击不良商人，关键在于产品质量 公益诉讼的制度的建立。原告会不会提出诉讼的决定，多数情况下与诉讼是否便 利相关。原告资格扩张，诉讼费用减免，举证责任倒置和一系列的激约机制都是 为增加消费者的诉讼积极性而创设的。 关键词：产品质量；产品质量法；公益诉讼 II II Abstract With the advancement of technology, trade has become increasingly frequent, the number and the variety of products of modern society are becoming more and more, a variety of products in a wider context of wide circulation, the spread of products is faster, to influence the daily lives of consumers Increasingly. Then the product quality disputes increased, the disputes concerned the interests of the majority, impacted socio-economic development, so the product quality disputes have public property. In the existing dispute settlement mechanisms, there are two major categories: litigation and non-litigation. non-litigation has no Compelling force. To the producers who pursues the private benefit constantly, this little binding settlement mechanism can not solve any problems, and Chinas traditional product quality litigation exposures The plaintiff qualifications are not perfect, the lawsuit benefit is uneconomical, the burden of proof is not balanced, and so on. Similarly, when consumers suffered against the public interest, or against the danger, citizens can not be through judicial means to safeguard the public interest. Traditional lawsuit system cannot blend together with modern product quality dissension. Therefore supplement new legal procedure, namely introduction public Interest