前资本主义者__M And N.pdf

英文名著3000 本 PRE-CAPITALIST ECONOMIC FORMATIONS 1857-58 As these were not intended for publication, but rather Marxs self-clarification, no care was given to the construction of paragraphs. Rather than leave such interminable paragraphs intact -- and which are even harder to read on a computer screen -- they have been broken up. They can be reassembled as follows -- consider a one-space indent a Marx paragraph, all others soft paragraphs. 1 英文名著3000 本 I One of the prerequisites of wage labor, and one of the historic conditions for capital, is free labor and the exchange of free labor against money, in order to reproduce money and to convert it into values, in order to be consumed by money, not as use value for enjoyment, but as use value for money. Another prerequisite is the separation of free labor from the objective conditions of its realization -- from the means and material of labor. This means above all that the workers must be separated from the land, which functions as his natural laboratory. This means the dissolution both of free petty landownership and of communal landed property, based on the oriental comune. In both these forms, the relationship of the worker to the objective conditions of his labor is one of ownership: 2 英文名著3000 本 this