宏观经济学介绍(精品·公开课件).ppt

宏观经济学Macroeconomics 学习要求 课程性质：专业必修课 目标： 了解宏观经济学的框架 掌握宏观经济学的基础知识 阅读财经类报刊杂志基本无障碍 课前预习与课后复习 成绩评定方式： 平时成绩30%：以课程测试为主要评分标准，以课堂提问、课后作业完成情况做辅助参考。 出勤成绩10%：迟到或早退每次扣2分；事假每次扣3分；旷课每次扣5分（迟到十五分钟以上者按旷课论）；无故旷课三次以上（含三次）取消考试资格。公假和病假不扣分。 期末考试60%，闭卷。 可能的成绩分布 参考书目 Olivier Blanchard，《宏观经济学》（第4版），清华大学出版社，2010。 N. Gregory Mankiw，《宏观经济学》（第5版），中国人民大学出版社，2005。 延伸阅读 网站 / / 书 《萧条经济学的回归》 《兜售繁荣》 公共邮箱中的指定阅读资料 主要知识结构 课程安排 阶段1 介绍 基础知识 阶段2 短期、中期的产出和波动 阶段3 长期经济增长 宏观经济学简介 宏观经济学研究什么？ Macroeconomics is the study of the structure and performance of national economies and of the policies that governments use to try to affect economic performance. What determines a nations long-run economic growth? What causes a nations economic activity to fluctuate? What causes unemployment? What causes prices to rise? How does being part of a global economic system affect nations economies? Can government policies be used to improve a nations economic performance? 长期经济增长Long-run economic growth 长期经济增长Long-run economic growth 问题 从图中你能发现什么？ 什么是产出（output / production）？GDP是什么？ 影响产出增长的因素是什么？ 为什么产出的增长曲线并不平滑？ 长期经济增长Long-run economic growth 经济周期/商业周期Business Cycles 经济周期是什么？ 什么因素引起经济周期？ 政府政策如何应对经济周期？ 经济周期/商业周期Business Cycles 经济周期是总量经济活动中围绕长期经济增长路径的短期波动。 Business cycles are the short-run fluctuations in aggregate economic activity around its long-run growth path. 经济周期/商业周期Business Cycles 经济周期/商业周期Business Cycles Business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organize their work mainly in business enterprises. A cycle consists of expansions occurring at about the same time in many economic activities, followed by similarly general recessions, contractions, and revivals which merge into the expansion phase of the next cycle; this sequence of changes is recurrent but not periodic; in duration business cycles vary from more than one year to ten or twelve years. 经济周期/商业周期Business Cycles 关于经济周期定义的五点说明 总体经济活动，Aggregate economic activity 扩张与紧缩，Expansions and contractions