否定和肯定翻译转换.ppt

学以致用 1. 英译汉 1) It is not difficult to get such a balance settled now. 2) To get such a balance settled is beyond us now. 3) They tried to overcome the shortage of the data. 4) All our clients can not take this matter in this way. 1. 英译汉 1.1) 现在还这笔款是很容易的事。 2) 现在我们没能力还这笔款。 3) 他们克服了资料不足的困难。 4) 并非所有的客户都能这样理解这件事。 学以致用 2.汉译英 1) 我们的客户认为供货不会有困难。 2) 所有的欠款都收回了。 3) 看来在下周前签约是不可能的了。 4) 希望你以后不要粗心。 2.汉译英 2.1) Our clients didnt expect any problems lying in the supply. 2) There is no balance outstanding now. 3) It seems impossible to get the contract signed before next week. 4) I’d rather you were more careful next time. Chapter Six 否定和肯定的翻译转换 Getting-in: 译文 1.Try to put the following into Chinese: 1) If you fail to settle the payment in two weeks, we’ll have to pass the matter to our legal department. 2) This is the last job I would do. 3) If I were you, I would take the offer. 4) Not all of us have been there. Getting-in: 译文 2.Try to put the following into English: 1) 你们的交货期已逾期两周了, 货物还未送达。 2) 他现在不在。 3) 这种口气很不礼貌。 否定和肯定的翻译转换 1. 为什么要进行肯定/否定的翻译转换 汉英两种语言在表达否定概念时所使用的词汇手段, 语法手段, 甚至语言逻辑等方面都有差异, 若任何时候都把某种语言的否定形式译成另一种语言的否定形式, 有时译文就会不通顺, 或是不符合目标语表达习惯, 甚至还会导致读者理解错误。 否定和肯定的翻译转换 1) If you fail to settle the payment in two weeks, we’ll have to pass the matter to our legal department. 译文:如果你方两星期内不付清货款的话, 我方拟将此事移交本公司法律部门处理。 注:fail to do sth.不能做到….., 肯定句译成了否定句 否定和肯定的翻译转换 2) This is the last job I would do. 译文: 我才不会干这活。 注: last: “最后的”, be the last: 有“最不可能的”意思。 否定和肯定的翻译转换 3) If I were you, I would take the offer. 译文:可惜我不是你, 换了我的话就会接受了。 该句用虚拟语气的语法手段表达了与事实相反的条件假设, 肯定句译成了否定句。 否定和肯定的翻译转换 4) Not all of us have been there. 译文: 我们有些人去过, 有些人没去过。 注: Not all 用在否定句中是部分否定, 如译成 “我们都没”就违背了原本的语言逻辑, 也就是误译。 否定和肯定的翻译转换 在英汉翻译时, 我们还常常必须先弄清楚英/汉语在表达同样的否定意义时是否与汉/英语的表达形式相同, 然后再动笔翻译。 有时在英语中是否定的意思，在汉语里却要用肯定的形式表达；同样，有时在汉语中是否定的意思，在英语里却需用肯定的形式表达。 1. 他们工作时总是互相帮助。 肯定：They always help each other in working. 否定：They never work without helping each other. 2. Before the receipt has been signed, the money mus