杂交水稻直播栽培增产剖析.docVIP

杂交水稻直播栽培增产剖析 　　摘要杂交水稻直播栽培增产分析表明,7个杂交水稻组合直播栽培与移栽方式有许多性状存在差异,单位面积有效穗数多、库源关系更加协调是水稻直播增产的主要原因,但其单株有效穗数少、分蘖成穗率偏低、个体发育优势弱是高产稳产的限制因素。两优885、411A/万测6-0、两优815 3个杂交组合可作直播栽培进一步试种观察。 　　关键词杂交水稻;组合;直播栽培;产量 　　中图分类号S511文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)09-0045-03 　　 　　TheTheoreticalAnalysisonIncreaseinYieldofHybridRiceGrowedUnderDirect-seedingCultivation 　　PAN Dian-jin 1ZHANG Mei 2YU Ai-qing 1LIU Feng-guo 3DENG Hai-zhou 4PAN Qin 5WANG Jun-hua 6 　　(1 Centre of Agriculture Technology Extension in Jingmen City of Hubei Province,Jingmen Hubei 448000; 2 Station of Soil and Fertilizer Quality Surveillance Examine in Jingmen City; 3 Station of Soil and Fertilizer in Jingmen City; 4 Centre of Agriculture Technology Extension in Zhongxiang City; 5 Station of Soil and Fertilizer in Shayang County; 6 Seed Administration in Jingmen City) 　　AbstractThe experiment of hybrid rice cultivation under direct-seeding was conducted to analyze the effect of increasing yield. The results showed that seven typical rice varieties that grew under direct-seeding and transplantation had different characteristics. More efficetive panicle number per unit area and more harmonious sink-recource ralationship resulted in high-yield under direct-seeding,compared with transplantation. But it existed shorteness,such as few efficetive panicel numbers of single plant,low efficetive tiller percentage or weak advantage in individual development. Further studies were required to confirm Liangyou 885、411A/wance 6-0 and Liangyou 815 as the varieties of direct-seeding cultivation. 　　Key wordsHybrid rice;combination;direct-seeding cultivation;yield 　　 　　水稻直播栽培正在逐步扩大面积,朝着替代移栽栽培的方向发展,尽管其节本增效作用被一致认可,但能否在水稻实际生产中增产依然有不同看法,原因之一是真正适合现有耕作制度下的直播栽培品种尚不多见。近年来,笔者致力于该项技术完善和适宜直播栽培的杂交水稻新组合筛选等工作,意欲实现良种与良法配套。2007年曾经用Ⅱ优6中6(Ⅱ-32A/D晚7)进行试验示范,于5月10日旋耕整地后直播,播种量19.5 kg/hm2,播后5d喷施谷草败7.5 kg/hm2封闭除草和化控壮苗[1],水分以雨水自然浇灌为主,田间基本不灌不排,孕穗期撒施尿素60 kg/hm2,全生育期130 d,实际产量达9.75 t/hm2,比当地大面积育苗移栽或旱育抛秧中稻增产1.50～2.25 t/hm2,增收益近4 500元/hm2。2009年进一步开展此项工作,现将结果报告如下。 　　1材