《黄麻纤维复合材料》-毕业论文.doc

沈阳化工大学 本科毕业论文 题 目：聚苯乙烯/天然植物纤维 复合材料的研究 院 系：科亚学院 专 业：高分子材料与工程 班 级：科高材 学生姓名： 指导教师： 论文提交日期： 年6月 22 日 论文答辩日期： 年6月 25日 摘要 本文以植物纤维为填料，聚苯乙烯为基体，加入偶联剂、引发剂、抗氧剂等加工助剂，制备了聚苯乙烯／黄麻复合材料。由于植物纤维是亲水的极性材料，而聚苯乙烯是疏水的弱极性材料，两者的相容性差，对植物纤维进行表面改性，降低其极性是改善两者相容性的有效途径之一。研究了植物纤维的表面处理，探讨了偶联剂，引发剂，以及麻含量对复合材料力学性能，耐水性及耐热性的影响。研究发现，在乙烯基硅烷及引发剂的存在下，当黄麻添加量为30wt％时，复合材料的拉伸强度达31.4MPa，高于聚苯乙烯的拉伸强度，也高于未经任何处理的聚苯乙烯/黄麻复的拉伸强度。SEM观察发现，偶联剂处理后，黄麻与聚苯乙烯界面模糊，偶联剂很好地提高了黄麻与树脂基体的相容性。经过处理的植物纤维/聚苯乙烯复合材料的力学性能，耐水性能和耐热性能，相对于未经处理的植物纤维均有不同程度的提高。 关键词：聚苯乙烯; 植物纤维; 复合材料；偶联剂 Abstract The paper showed that polystyrene／natural plant fiber composites was prepared with taking melting natural plant fiber as a filler，polystyrene as a matrix polymer and coupling agent，initiating agent，Antioxidants as process additives．The limited compatibility between polystyrene and natural fibers is due to the face the natural fibers is the polarity hydrophilic material while PS is the low-pole hydrophobic material. Therefore, the surface treatment of natural plant fiber is an effective method to improve the compatibility. The surface treatment of natural fibers was studied. Influence of coupling agent dosage, initiating agent and fiber contents as well as other factors on the mechanical properties, water resistance and thermal performance of composites were discussed. We can see on the condition that coupling agent and initiating agent exist and jute fiber content is 30wt％, the tensile strength of the composites reaches to 31.4MPa.The tensile strength of the composites with jute fiber content(30%) was higher than that of polystyrene and that of polystyrene／jute fiber composites without any treatments. The composites was characterized by SEM, indicating that polystyrene／jute fiber composites dealed with coupling agent, the interface between polystyrene and jute fiber became vague. It proved that the coupling agent greatly improved the compatibility of jute fi