润滑油培训-英文版(精品·公开课件).ppt

Volvo Construction Equipment Lubricants Lubrication Training Module Overview Lubrication Principles Engine Lubrication Transmission Lubrication Automatic Transmission Fluids Grease Lubrication Lubrication Principles - Section Overview Refining Process Refinery Products from Crude Oil Lubricant Base-stocks Key Lubricant Functions Key Lubricant Properties Viscosity Viscosity Classification System (SAE) Mono-grade Vs. Multi-grade Pour Point / Flash Point / Volatility Conventional Vs. Synthetic lubricant ? Synthetic Lubricants Lubricant Additives Additive Types Refining Process Two Main Processes: Separation Processes Selects Desirable Components from the Crude Includes Distillation, Solvent Extraction, Solvent Dewaxing Conversion Processes Convert Undesirable Elements into Useful Lube Oil Components Aromatics, Sulfur, Wax, etc. Includes Hydrotreating, Hydrofinishing, Hydrocracking and Catalytic Dewaxing To achieve desired properties Refinery Products from Crude Oil Lubricant Basestocks Lubricant Basestocks Mineral Oil Basestocks Refined from Crude Oil True Synthetic Basestocks are Derived from Chemical Reactions Some companies now consider very highly refined mineral oil as “Synthetics” Key Lubricant Functions Separate moving surfaces Cooling Sealing Wear protection Rust, corrosion and foam inhibition Anti oxidation Dispersancy Detergency Key Lubricant Properties Viscosity Pour Point Flash Point Volatility Viscosity Measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow Changes with Temperature – higher temperature, lower viscosity Pressure – higher pressure, higher viscosity Shear Rate – higher the shear rate, lower viscosity Viscosity Index Effect of change of temperature on the viscosity of an oil Viscosity Classification System (SAE) Mono-grade Vs. Multi-grade Mono-Grades Meets the requirements of one SAE viscosity grade e.g. SAE 15W (Winter Grade) or SAE 40 (Summer Grade) Low temperature viscosity critical for winter grades, high temperature viscosity critical for summer g