大功率船用齿轮箱模糊可靠性分析与优化设计-机械工程(工程机械)专业论文.docx

摘 要 大功率船用齿轮箱是船用动力传动装置的重要组成部分，具有传递功率大、转速高、 用途特殊、结构复杂等特点，一旦发生故障会造成重大损失，对船舶的可靠性和安全性 有着重要的影响。因此，在设计阶段必须对大功率船用齿轮箱进行全面的可靠性分析及 优化设计。 在对大功率船用齿轮箱的工作原理、功能、结构、故障状态、故障因素及其影响等 作深入分析的基础上，采用故障树分析法，建立了船用齿轮箱的故障树，对故障树进行 了定性分析，获得了船用齿轮箱的故障谱。通过查阅相关资料、专家与技术人员提供的 信息，取得了船用齿轮箱故障树基本事件的模糊概率，利用模糊神经网络对船用齿轮箱 故障树的可靠性进行了分析，得到了船用齿轮箱故障发生的模糊概率，从而获得了船用 齿轮箱的模糊可靠度。对船用齿轮箱的系统类型进行了分析，确定了船用齿轮箱为串联 系统，并画出了船用齿轮箱系统的可靠性逻辑框图，利用模糊分配法，对船用齿轮箱的 齿轮、轴和轴承等单元进行了可靠性分配，利用等分配法将单元的可靠度，分配给齿轮、 轴和轴承等零件。根据大功率船用齿轮箱的结构特点、承受载荷的特点和设计要求，利 用模糊数学、可靠性理论和优化设计理论，建立了大功率船用齿轮箱的模糊可靠性优化 设计模型，利用最优水平截集法，将船用齿轮箱的模糊可靠性优化设计模型转化为常规 可靠性优化设计模型，并利用数学软件 MATLAB 中的遗传算法工具箱，对船用齿轮箱 模糊可靠性优化设计模型进行了求解，对得到的最优解进行了分析，表明最优解能够满 足齿轮箱的可靠性设计要求。通过分析及研究，建立了一套针对大功率船用齿轮箱的模 糊可靠性分析及优化设计方法。 关键词：船用齿轮箱，模糊可靠性，优化设计，神经网络，遗传算法 ABSTRACT High-power marine gearbox is an important part of marine power transmission device, which has a transmission large power, high speed, use of special, complex structure, etc., in case of its failure would cause significant loss, it has an important impact for the marine’s reliability and safety. Therefore, high-power marine gearbox must have a comprehensive reliability analysis and optimization at the design stage. At the basis of making a deep analysis of heavy-power marine gearbox’s function, structure, working principle, fault status, fault factors and their impact, using fault tree analysis, the establishment of the marine gearbox fault tree, on qualitative fault tree analysis, a marine gearbox failure spectrum got. Through access to relevant information, information provided from experts and technical staff, basic events of the marine gearbox failure tree fuzzy probability got, using fuzzy neural network for reliability analysis of the marine gearbox fault tree, fuzzy probability of fault of the marine gearbox obtained, the fuzzy reliability of the marine gearbox determined. The marine gearbox is analyzed on the type of system, determined that the marine gearbox is a series system, the establishment of a marine gearbox system reliability logic d