岩爆倾向岩石巷帮钻孔爆破卸压的静态模拟李俊平.pdf

DOI：10.15986/j.1006-7930.2015.01.019 岩爆倾向岩石巷帮钻孔爆破卸压的静态模拟  李俊平，王红星，王晓光，程贤根 (西安建筑科技大学材料与矿资学院，陕西西安 710055) 摘要：冲击地压、大变形或分区破裂化正成为我国深部开采的难题．高地压是导致冲击地压、大变形或分区破裂化的根源．钻孔爆 破卸压是转移或释放高地压的有效措施．以厂坝铅锌矿灰岩为样本，应用 FLAC 3D 静态模拟巷道掘进中巷帮 钻孔卸压的钻孔间距、钻孔深度及有无孔底爆破的卸压效果．研究 表明：巷道埋深越深，支承压力越大，钻孔间距也将越大；钻孔深 度介于支承压力峰值与支承压力区最大宽度所处的位置之间；仅钻 孔而不孔底爆破的卸压效果不明显．上述研究规律应用于文峪金 矿、豫灵镇某万米平巷和东桐峪金矿的灰岩、大理岩巷道掘进，成 功控制了岩爆飞石．巷道穿过无岩爆倾向的岩石，如煌斑岩时，尽 管不会发生岩爆，但是将它们的钻孔间距、钻孔深度较岩爆倾向地 段增大 0.5~1.0 m并类似孔底爆破，可以确保支承压力持续向围岩深部转移或部分释放，避免巷帮因应力集中而发生开裂或 片帮．关键词：采矿工程；岩爆控制；支承压力；爆破卸压；钻孔卸压；钻孔爆破卸压；数值模拟中图分类号：TD324 文献标志码： A文章编号： 1006-7930(2015)01-097-06 Static numerical simulation of drilling ＆ blasting pressure relief of burst-prone rocks in tunnel wall LI Junping , WANG Hongxing, WANG Xiaoguang, CHENG Xiangen (School of Materials and Mineral Resources, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xian 710055, China) Abstract : Rockburst, large deformation and zonal fracturing are becoming technical problems for deep mining in China. High ground pressure is the root cause of rockburst, large deformation and zonal fracturing. Moreover drilling and blasting pressure relief is an effective measure for transferring the abutment pressure peak to deep rock masses and release part concentrated stress. Taking Changba lead-zinc mine limestone as a sample, the drilling space and depth for drilling pressure relief in tunnel wall, and the effects of stress relief with and without bottom-blasting are numerically simulated by FLAC3D . Research shows that the deeper overbur- den, the greater abutment pressure, and the borehole space should be larger. The drilling depth for blasting pressure relief lies between the position of abutment pressure peak and the maximum width of abutment pressure zone. In addition, the pressure relief effect is insignificant as compared with drilli