话题句的汉英对比及互译研究-中国语言文学；语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 本研究在汉英双向平行语料库的支持下，运用对比语言学理论和翻译理论， 研究汉英话题句的异同以及互译情况。 本研究把话题分为共指性话题和框架性话题，在这个基础上考察话题句的下 位分类情况及特点并探索汉英话题句的相同点和不同点。研究发现在话题句的分 布上，各个类型存在着不均衡性。在汉语中，话题为动词受事的话题句和时空框 架性话题句占的比例最大，背景框架性话题句和工具类话题句出现的次数较少。 通过对语料分析发现，英语里的话题句类型较少，主要表现为时空框架性、话题 为动词受事以及复指性话题类型的话题句。同时发现，英语中话题作为动词受事 类型的话题句最多，时空框架性次之，复指性话题句出现次数较少。 本研究发现话题有很多特点：话题后面可以带提顿词；话题在很多情况下跟 后面的述题有共指关系；话题句里有且只有一个焦点。通过对比发现，英语话题 句是由移位生成的，而且数量通常只有一个。 在此基础上本文对话题句的汉英互译情况进行研究，发现在汉语话题句英译 的时候采取调整译法占的比例最大；英语话题句在汉译过程中，采用直译和调整 译法的情况最多。在汉英互译过程中，时空框架性话题多采用直译的形式。而其 他类型话题句在译文过程中，采用直译的情况较少，多是采用意译或者其他译法。 这也提示我们在翻译的过程中，既要考虑到情感表达的需要，也要考虑到不同的 语言习惯。 关键词：话题；主语；翻译；对比 II II Abstract This research is done in the support of Chinese-English and English-Chinese corpus. It uses linguistic theory and translation theory to find differences between Chinese and English in topic sentences. This thesis divides topics into two kinds: the topic of same referring and the topic of framework. It tries to find the lower categories and the differences between Chinese and English. The paper finds that the number of every category is not the same. In Chinese, two categories have a large proportion .They are sentences whose topic is served as the object and topic served as time or address. And the number of the sentences whose topic served as a background or served as a tool is not large. This paper finds that English does not has many categories of topic sentences. And they are mainly the sentences whose topic served as time or address, as object, and the same referring. And the numbers of these three kinds are not the same. This research finds that topic has many features. We can add modal words to it. And topic can refer the same thing to other part of one sentence. And topic sentence has only one focal point. This paper also finds that topic sentences in English are made by movement. And usually there is only one topic in every topic sentence. Based on these researches of topic sentence, the thesis conducts a systematical research on the use of translatio