独立主格结构(高中英语).ppt

Independent Nominative独立主格结构 It rained. I stayed at home. 怎样将两个句子合并？ 要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并成并列句。 ? It rained so/and I stayed at home. 并列连词：and, or, but, so, for, when, while, neither…nor, either…or, not…but, not only…but also 要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并为复合句。 ? Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. 要求：不适用连词，将两个句子合并为一个句子。 ? It raining, I stayed at home. 比较三句： ? It rained so/and I stayed at home. ? Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ? It raining, I stayed at home. 独立主格结构的概念： ? “独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。 独立主格结构的特点： ?没有连接词，独立主格部分用“ ，”与主句分开。 ?两个句子分别有自己的主语和谓语，即独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同。 ?独立主格部分中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与其后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式形成逻辑主谓或动宾关系。 ① 表示时间 ? The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。 the meeting being over 相当于 when the meeting was over ? Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。 her work done 相当于 when her work was done ② 表示条件 ? The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。 If the condition is favorable ③ 表示原因 ? There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。 Since there was no taxis, ? He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑 又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。 as the night was dark and frosty ④ 表示伴随情况 ? Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。 (=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.) ⑤ 表示补充说明 ? We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。 独立主格结构功能说明： 独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。 独立主格结构的构成： ? 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词：Weather permitting, we will have a picnic tomorrow 　　名词(代词)+形容词：the condition favorable 　　名词(代词)+副词：the meeting (being) over....（上也有此句） 　　 There being+名词： there being nothing else to do, we went home 　　名词(代词)+不定式：She proposed a picnic, she herself to pay the railway tickets, and Mary to provide the food. 　　名词(代词) +介词短语：