《羧甲基淀粉的制备及絮凝性能的研究》-毕业论文设计（学术).doc

PAGE 精品PAGE I 摘 要 絮凝沉淀法是水处理技术中一种有效简单的方法，成本较低。早在1941年,W. E. Raybould发现碱化淀粉有一定的絮凝作用。此后,越来越多的研究工作者致力于改性淀粉絮凝剂的研究工作。当前,为了实施可持续发展战略,在水处理剂的研究、开发、生产和应用中实施绿色化是21 世纪水处理药剂的发展方向。改性玉米淀粉由于其原料来源广泛,价格低廉,无毒,易于生物降解等优点,被列为环境友好型水处理剂,在水处理,石油开采及造纸等行业显示出良好的应用前景。 本文主要研究了改性马铃薯淀粉的制备工艺及其絮凝性能。首先，采用正交实验方法制备了羧甲基马铃薯淀粉，通过考察碱的用量，反应时间，乙醇浓度，反应温度等因素对变性淀粉取代度的影响，得到了最佳实验条件；其次，选取取代度为0.671的羧甲基淀粉进行絮凝性能的测定，模拟废水为含有锌离子溶液，通过改变pH，反应时间，反应温度，淀粉用量来研究改性淀粉的絮凝性能，从而得到最佳的工艺条件。 实验结果表明，制备羧甲基马铃薯淀粉的最佳实验条件为：碱的用量8g，反应时间为2.5h，乙醇浓度为90%，反应温度为40℃。对Zn2+模拟废水的絮凝实验表明，Zn2+的去除率随着水温的增加降低，而随着pH值、反应时间及淀粉用量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。絮凝Zn2+模拟废水的较佳工艺条件为：反应温度20℃，反应时间30分钟，pH值为8，淀粉用量为3g/L。 关键词：絮凝剂；锌离子溶液；改性淀粉；羧甲基淀粉 Abstract Flocculating sedimentation is water treatment technology as an effective method of simple, low cost. As early as in 1941, w. E. Raybould found alkalization has certain starch flocculation effect. After that more and more researchers to the modified starch flocculant research work.Recently, in order to implement the strategy of sustainable development, the green carried out is a new research prospect in the research, development, production and application of water treatment agent in the 21st century. Modified corn starch are classified as environmental friendly water treatment agent due to the characteristics of its widely range, inexpensive,non-toxic and biodegradable, etc.. It also showed a good application prospects in oil mining and paper industries water treatment. This paper mainly studies the potato starch modification, the preparation of the process and its flocculation properties. First of all, using the orthogonal experimental method for preparation of carboxy methyl potato starch, by investigating the dosage of alkali, reaction time, reaction temperature, ethanol concentration factors such as the substitution degree of modified starch, the effects of the experimental conditions, the best.Secondly, the selection of the substitution degree for 0.671 carboxy methyl starch flocculation properties determination o