《制备高锰酸钾的绿色方法研究》-毕业论文设计（学术).docVIP

PAGE 13 毕业设计（论文） 题 目 制备高锰酸钾的绿色方法研究 系 （院） 化学与化工系 专 业 化学工程与工艺 班 级 学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 职 称 讲师 二〇一二年六月二十三日 制备高锰酸钾的绿色方法研究 摘 要 绿色化学，又称清洁化学、环境无害化学或环境友好化学。其目的是依靠科技的发展来创造污染小、能源消耗低的化学反应，其核心是从源头上杜绝环境污染，所以它成为了现代实验研究的一种趋势。 本文通过从废旧的Zn-Mn干电池中提取MnO2，然后将其在碱性条件下用氧化剂氧化成K2MnO4，最后在酸性条件（主要是HAc，CO2，Cl2）或者电解条件下将K2MnO4歧化成KMnO4，研究了各种制备方法尤其是电解制备方法下的最佳条件，以及在最佳制备条件下的用各方法得到的产品产率和产品纯度。实验结果表明：电解歧化的最佳条件是电解液浓度为0.8mol/L，电解温度为60oC，阳极电流密度为6mA/cm2。与酸性歧化的三种化方法相比，电解的产量和产率是最高，产率达到57%，纯度达到83.2%。 关键词：绿色化学；高锰酸钾；制备 The Green Preparation Methods of Potassium Permanganate Abstract Green chemistry, say again clean chemistry, environmental friendly chemical or environment friendly chemistry. Its purpose is to depend on the development of science and technology to create less pollution, low energy consumption of chemical reaction. its core is to put an end to the pollution of the environment from the source, so it became a modern trend of the experimental study. This paper which is extracted from waste dry battery Zn-Mn MnO2, and then under alkaline condition with oxidized into K2MnO4, finally under acidic conditions(mainly HAc,CO2,Cl2) or electrolytic conditions K2MnO4 disambiguation into KMnO4, studied the various preparation methods especially the electrolytic preparation method under best conditions, as well as in the optimal preparation conditions for the method to get the product yield and purity of the product. The experimental results show that the optium conditions of disproportionation: electrolysis electrolyte concentration of 0.8mol/L, electrolytic temperature of 60oC, anode current density of 6mA/cm2. Compared with acidic disproportionation of three kinds of methods, electrolytic yield is the highest, the yield can reach 57%,83.2% purity . Keywords: Green Chemistry; Potassium Permanganate; Preparation 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc327802189 引 言 PAGEREF _Toc327802189 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327802190 第一章 概 述 PAGEREF _Toc327802190 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327802191 1.1 一步法 P