基于SVC的采石场无功补偿及谐波治理-工业工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 采石场破碎机等大功率用电设备存在负荷变化大、功率因数低、谐波严 重等问题，致使采石场电力设备的使用寿命缩短，降低工作效率、减少经济 效益。因此，需要对采石场电网进行无功补偿和谐波治理，以达到净化电网 环境、延长采石场电力设备使用寿命、提高工作效率、增加经济效益的目的。 本文充分分析采石场电力网络及负荷的特点，设计一种兼顾无功补偿和谐波 治理的装置。 本文首先介绍了一种过零触发电路的设计，并通过实验用示波器观察， 证明了其过零投切效果明显，这使滤波补偿装置实现无冲击投切，提高了采 石场设备的使用寿命。然后利用 MATLAB 仿真软件仿真了三种不同接线方 式下晶闸管的耐压等级和电力电容器的残压情况，为滤波补偿装置的选型提 供依据。同时对自动投切控制器进行硬件设计，并针对采石场电力环境、负 荷特点等提出一种相适应的控制策略及算法，实现根据电网变化情况进行自 动投切滤波补偿装置的功能。最后，本文针对某采石场某移动变电站所带负 荷进行分析，设计了滤波补偿装置主接线、操作回路并计算了元件参数，然 后利用 PSCAD 对设计进行仿真。仿真结果说明了设计的滤波补偿装置不仅 有效提高了功率因数、减小无功电流、提高负载端电压，还消除了大部分谐 波电流，将谐波电压限制在国家标准以内，滤波补偿效果明显。达到了延长 采石场电力设备使用寿命、提高工作效率、增加经济效益等节能降耗有目的。 关键词：节能降耗、滤波补偿、过零投切、MATLAB 仿真、控制器 Abstract All the facts, including the huge range of load changing, low power factor, and serious harmonic wave, which create a complex and severe quarry power environment, have affection on the safe operation of the high power electric equipment. Therefore, in order to purify the quarry power environment and increase the safety of quarry operation, it is required to apply for reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression. This paper focuses on designing a device which has the function of reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression, with the characteristic of the power system and the load mine. First, this paper introduces a type of zero-crossing trigger circuit. By observing the scilloscope, experiments have proved that the zero-crossing trigger module has obvious results. This module can switch the filtering compensation device without the impulse current, prolong the service life of quarry-mine devices. Second, simulate the thyristors voltage and capacitor residual voltage in three different modes by MATLAB. This simulation provides basis for the selection of filtering compensation device. Then designs the hardware of automatic switching controller, proposing a controlling strategy and algorithm geared to the power system and load quarry mine. Enforce the function of automatic switching the filtering compensation device based on powe