基于VC的轮轴探伤系统上位机软件设计与实现-控制科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index：TB553 U.D.C.: 621.3 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Eng. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOFTWARE SYSTEM OF AN AXLE DETECTOR BASED ON VC Candidate： Zhang Lijun Supervisor： Senior Engineer. Wang Yan Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Engineering Specialty： Control Science and Engineering Affiliation: Department of Control Science and Engineering Date of Oral Examination： June, 2011 University： Harbin Institute of Technology 摘 要 铁路货车是货物运输的重要运载工具，而轮轴是铁路货车运行的关键部 件，承受着巨大的载荷和冲击。随着铁路运输车辆速度的不断提高、运载量 的不断增加、车次密度的不断加大以及运输距离的不断延长，轮轴越来越容 易产生疲劳裂纹。 目前，超声波探伤是检测轮轴裂纹的主要方法。超声波频率高、波长 短，有着良好的传播方向性，穿透能力强，碰到杂质、裂纹或分界面产生反 射回波，通过对反射波的分析，能够准确检测出缺陷，以及它的大小和位置 等相关信息。 为及时发现轮轴的微小裂纹，避免事故发生，根据铁道部 2007 年修改 出版的《铁路货车轮轴组装检修及管理规则》，研制了数字式超声波轮轴探 伤仪，本文主要介绍探伤仪上位机软件系统的实现，它是基于 VC++ 6.0 的 MFC（微软基础类库）框架进行研发，数据库采用 Microsoft Office Access 2003。在研制过程中，以对话框为基础设计实现探伤仪的各个界面；利用双 缓冲绘图技术解决了界面动态波形显示问题；使用多线程编程实现了双人探 伤功能，可允许用户同时探测轮轴两端面，提高了效率；利用 Windows 消 息机制实现键盘的消息处理；通过在 MFC 中构造虚拟文档视图结构使其具 有数据打印功能。此外探伤仪还增加了探伤波形动态回放以及局部波形扩展 功能等。 最后，经过不断的现场测试和修改，探伤仪的五大功能模块，包括仪器 性能日常测试、轮轴探伤扫查、仪器性能测试、探头性能测试和系统数据维 护与处理能够正常运行，且各项指标满足要求，现已通过铁道部运输局的技 术评审，已在实际中推广应用。 关键词 轮轴探伤；软件系统；Access；MFC；多线程；双缓冲技术；数据 打印 I - Abstract Rail wagon is an important kind of vehicles to transport goods. Axles, which are under huge load and impact, are the key components to keep wagons running. Now with the wagons’ increasing speed, load, frequency of transport and running distance, it is much easier for axles to have fatigue flaws. At present, ultrasonic testing is the main method of detecting axle flaws. Ultrasonic has high frequency, short wavelengths, good spread directivity and penetration ability. When ultrasonic running into impurity, cracks or boundary surface, reflected waves would be generated. Through the analysis, axle flaw could be accurately detected, as well as its size and location. For finding out the tiny axle flaws in time, and avoiding accidents, according to “Rules of Management and Detection of the Axles” published by Minis