形容词用法课件课本.ppt

形容词 一.定义:用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质,特征或状态.一般分为下面两类: ①外观:long, strong, big, round, fat, beautiful, old… ②性质:good, clean, new, fresh, soft, excellent… ③颜色:red, black, green, blue, white, brown… 性格:kind, strict, honest, foolish, lazy, rude(粗鲁的)… 状况:careful, blind, deaf, cheap, hungry… 评论:great, true, necessary, difficult ,wrong… 性质形容词 关 系 形 容 词 ①.地域:Chinese, American, Asian, Pacific(太平洋的)… ②.质料:wooden, golden, plastic, metallic(金属的, 含金属的)… ③.科技:electric, chemical, atomic(原子的), medical… ④.意识:communist（共产主义的）, social（社会的）… ⑤.行业:industrial（工业的）… 二. 形容词在句子中的作用 形容词在句子中可定语、表语、同位语、宾语补足语、状语等。 1. She is a brave girl and she can do anything. 2. Mount Tai, the famous in our country, has been visited by millions of travellers every year. 3. Who let the door open? 4. I went to bed hungry. 5. You should keep the classroom clean. 定语 同位语 宾补 状语 宾补 三. 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 : 有规则和不规则两种形式. 1.规则形容词的比较级和最高级（4种） ⑴、直接加-er，-est : young clever brave younger cleverer braver youngest cleverest bravest ⑵、辅音字母 + y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 -er、 -est : happy early heavy happier earlier heavier happiest earliest heaviest ⑶、以一个辅音字母(w、y、r 除外)结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这一辅音字母再加-er、-est fat thin hot slow fatter thinner hotter slower fattest thinnest hottest slowest ⑷、多音节词和派生的双音节词前加 more、most beautiful expensive more beautiful more expensive most beautiful most expensive 反向比较加 less、least less expensive 1) good well better best 2) bad ill worse worst 3) many much more most 4) little less least 2.不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。 1.双方比较， 表示一方超过另一方时， 用“比较级＋than ” 的结构 This picture is more beautiful than that one . 2.表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less + 原级＋ than”结构 This room is less beautiful than that one. 3.表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可 在比较级前加表示程度的状语， 如 even , a lot , a bit