安全生产八大作业射线课件.ppt

Radiographic Work X射线照相工作 Rules for oversight of radiography射线照相工作管理章程 License许可证书 Training培训 Camera照相机 Survey Equipment 测量设备 Postings标记 Table of Contents目 录 1.Introduction引言 2.Radiation辐射 Ionizing Radiation电离辐射 Non-Ionizing Radiation非电离辐射 3.Radiographic Work 射线照相工作 Purpose目 的 This program is designed as hazard awareness training only and does not qualify employees to perform radiation work. 本培训程序的目的只是使接受培训的雇员了解辐射的危险性，并不是对雇员进行培训使其从事辐射工作。 Special training is required for anyone working in radiation regulated areas or on equipment containing radiation sources or contamination. 任何人员如果需要在与辐射相关的区域进行工作，或者使用含有辐射源以及受到辐射源污染的设备进行工作时，需要接受专门的培训。 Radiation辐 射 Energy that is transmitted, emitted or absorbed as particles or in wave form is called radiation. 能量以粒子或以波的形式进行放射、传送或吸收的过程即称为辐射。 Radiation exposure is measured in rems 人体接触辐射的量以雷姆（人体伦琴当量）为单位进行计量。 其他辐射计量单位换算: 1sv=100rem(1希伏=100雷姆), 1sv=1000msv(1希伏=1000毫希伏) 1msv=1000usv (1毫希伏=1000微希伏) Two forms of radiation are “Ionizing” and “non-ionizing” 辐射以两种形式进行，即“电离辐射”与“非电离辐射”。 Ionizing Radiation电离辐射 Ionizing radiation is the type of radiation with energy capable of changing atoms. This change in the electrical balance of an atom results in the altering of cells or the creation of new cells. 电离辐射指的是辐射的能量足以改变原子结构的辐射类型。这种原子的电量平衡的改变，能够对细胞产生改变，或者产生新的细胞。 It is this ability to change and create cells that makes ionizing radiation extremely hazardous when in an unprotected state. 这种使细胞产生改变或产生新的细胞的能力，使得电离辐射在未采取保护措施的情况下具有极高的危险性。 Types of Ionizing Radiation电离辐射的类型 Alpha-阿尔法（α） The least hazardous of all ionizing radiation because it can be stopped by a sheet of paper or light clothing. 这是所有电离辐射中危害最轻的一种，因为只需用一张纸或轻质衣料即可阻止这种辐射。 It is considered to be an internal radiation hazard because it cannot affect the human body until taken into the body in some fashion such as inhalation, ingestion, etc. 这种辐射是一种内部辐射危害，因