金属材料的力学性能及其测试方法..doc

目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc359180047摘要 PAGEREF _Toc359180047 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800481引言 PAGEREF _Toc359180048 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800492金属材料的力学性能简介 PAGEREF _Toc359180049 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800502.1 强度 PAGEREF _Toc359180050 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800512.2 塑性 PAGEREF _Toc359180051 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800522.3 硬度 PAGEREF _Toc359180052 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800532.4 冲击韧性 PAGEREF _Toc359180053 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800542.5 疲劳强度 PAGEREF _Toc359180054 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800553金属材料力学性能测试方法 PAGEREF _Toc359180055 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800563.1拉伸试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180056 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800573.2压缩试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180057 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800583.3扭转试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180058 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800593.4硬度试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180059 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800603.5冲击韧度试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180060 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800613.6疲劳试验 PAGEREF _Toc359180061 \h 19 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800624常用的仪器设备简介 PAGEREF _Toc359180062 \h 20 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800634.1万能试验机 PAGEREF _Toc359180063 \h 20 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800644.2扭转试验机 PAGEREF _Toc359180064 \h 23 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800654.3摆锤式冲击试验机 PAGEREF _Toc359180065 \h 28 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3591800665金属材料力学性能测试方法的发展趋势 PAGEREF _Toc359180066 \h 30 HYPERLINK \l _Toc359180067参考文献 PAGEREF _Toc359180067 \h 30 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 金属材料的力学性能及其测试方法 摘要：金属的力学性能反映了金属材料在各种形式外力作用下抵抗变形或破坏的某些能力，它与材料的失效形式息息相关。本文主要解释了金属材料各项力学性能的概念，介绍了几个常见的测试金属材料力学性能的试验以及相关的仪器设备，最后阐述了金属材料力学性能测试方法的发展趋势。 关键词：金属材料，力学性能，测试方法，仪器设备，发展趋势 Test Methods for The Mechanical Properties of Metal Material Abstract：The mechanical properties of metal material which reflect some abilities of deformation and fracture resistance under various external forces are closely linked with failure forms. This paper mainly introduces some concepts of mechanical properties of metal material, common experiments testing mechanical properties of metal material and apparatuses used. The trend of deve