与工艺安全管理有关的危害识别和风险控制.ppt

JSA分析小组人员的组成 1.经验丰富的安全管理人员 2.技术精湛的专业技术人员 3.操作熟练的现场操作人员 将学员分成四组，两组进行换灯泡工作分析； 两组进行“杀鱼”工作分析。 JSA第三步: 分析评估风险 JSA第三步: 分析评估风险 制订针对每一风险的控制措施 按照以下优先次序考虑制订风险控制措施 4.作业人员不得不处于仍然存在的危害附近, 采取正确 的站位或者姿势控制风险,比如: 注意搬运姿势 避开落物打击区域 处理化学品时站在上风位 避开旋转设备 避开可能断裂的受力的绳索 爬梯子时手里不要拿东西 使用锒头时注意手不要放在可能被击及的位置 JSA在事故调查中的应用 基于经验 JSA 由一个或一组人对作业进行分析. 分析的结果在很大程度上取决于这些人对作业和安全的认识和经验 不够系统全面 JSA 只能进行定性分析, 不能定量评估发生危险的可能性 JSA 的局限性 * 谢谢大家！ * Job Safety Analysis Flow-Chart The following flow-chart illustrates steps involved in Job Safety Analysis (JSA) * Step 3: How are potential hazards identified? Two commonly used techniques for identifying potential hazards are: Kepner and Tregoe method based on change analysis; Gibson and Haddon approach based on unwanted energy flow and energy barrier. A.??Change analysis (Kepner and Tregoe) Change analysis helps establish the significance of changes in causing accidents and losses. As well, it helps determine counter-changes to prevent these accidents and losses. Change is needed for improvement, but the change may have unwanted side effects. Changes can be planned or unplanned. Sometimes, preventive changes can cause problems if not introduced properly. In planned changes potential problems can be identified and controlled. Change analysis offers a powerful safety analysis methodology for the unplanned and anticipated changes in the operation of equipment, material, or process. Any unplanned changes may result in accidents and losses unless preventive measures (counter-changes) are implemented. First introduced by C.H. Kepner and B.B. Tregoe in 1965 as a managerial tool to solve production problems, the change analysis technique was eventually adapted to occupational health and safety issues. In the 1970s, the What if procedure was developed to identify possible accident event sequences. Once these sequences are established it is easier to pinpoint the hazards, consequences, and potential methods for risk reduction. The