主谓一致——就近原则.doc

实用标准文案 精彩文档 主谓一致——就近原则. 就近原则短语 代表词汇：there be ……句型 Neither……nor…… Either……or…… Not……but…… Whether……or…… Not only……but also…… 【就远原则短语：谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇： as well as； together/along）with； rather than； except； besides； but； including； in addition to； apart from 例如：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致现象。 有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。此类连接词有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except (but), including等。例如： Tracy, like many girls, loves dancing. 特蕾西像很多女孩一样，喜欢跳舞。 All the students, including Tom, are leaving. 所有的学生，包括汤姆都走了。 No one except (but) me knows about this news. 除了我没有人知道这个消息。 就近原则现象。 还有另一类连接词，句中的谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致。此类连接词有or, either... or, neither...nor, not only... but also等。例如： Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错。 Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. 不仅是学生，就连老师也期盼一个假期。 1.There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Anns parents but also she stays at home every Sunday. 百度词条：就近原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 I.在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：or ; either …or；nor; neither…or；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also ; 等。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。 ④Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 ②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 II. 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近一致原则”，但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一